ArticleAmerican journal of nephrology2019
Albuminuria Testing by Race and Ethnicity among Patients with Hypertension with and without Diabetes.
Article in American journal of nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Underutilization of albuminuria screening in adults with diabetes mellitus or hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association Between Dipstick Hematuria and Elevated Albuminuria in a Hospital-Based Population with Diverse Chronic Conditions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Refining the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Staging System for Improved Risk Stratification of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Type 2 Diabetes.Circulation reports · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and CKD care delivery in African American and American Indian or Alaska Native patients: A real-world cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Exploring Primary Care Providers' Confidence in Managing Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2025Article
- Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and increased urinary albumin excretion: a population-based study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Factors Associated With Non-vaccination for Influenza Among Patients With CKD: Findings From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2024Observational
- Epidemiology of Diabetic Kidney Disease among US Veterans.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Implementation of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation in a United States Nephrology Clinic.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Fulfillment and Validity of the Kidney Health Evaluation Measure for People with Diabetes.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2023Article
- Review
- Estimated Prevalence and Testing for Albuminuria in US Adults at Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Usability Testing of the Kidney Score Platform to Enhance Communication About Kidney Disease in Primary Care Settings: Qualitative Think-Aloud Study.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Cardiorenal Nexus: A Review With Focus on Combined Chronic Heart and Kidney Failure, and Insights From Recent Clinical Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Review
- Associations of Serum Albumin With Disability in Activities of Daily Living, Mobility and Objective Physical Functioning Regardless of Vitamin D: Cross-Sectional Findings From the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease Testing Among Primary Care Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Across 24 U.S. Health Care Organizations.Diabetes care · 2021Article
- Trends in Chronic Kidney Disease Care in the US by Race and Ethnicity, 2012-2019.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use Among Hypertensive US Adults With Albuminuria.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Screening and Recognition of Chronic Kidney Disease in VA Health Care System Primary Care Clinics.Kidney360 · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDetection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) among patients with hypertension (HTN) provides an opportunity for early treatment, potentially mitigating risk of CKD progression and cardiovascular complications. Differences in UACR testing patterns among racial/ethnic populations at risk for CKD could contribute to known disparities in CKD complications.
methodsWe examined the prevalence of UACR testing among low-income adult primary care patients with HTN, defined by a new administrative code for HTN or 2 clinic blood pressures >140/90 mm Hg between January 1, 2014, and January 1, 2017, in one public health-care delivery system with a high prevalence of end-stage kidney disease among race/ethnic minorities. Logistic regression was used to identify odds of UACR testing within 1 year of a HTN diagnosis, overall, and by racial/ethnic subgroup, adjusted for demographic factors, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HTN severity. Models were also stratified by diabetes status.
resultsThe cohort (n = 16,414) was racially/ethnically diverse (16% White, 21% Black, 34% Asian, 19% Hispanic, and 10% other) and 51% female. Only 35% of patients had UACR testing within 1 year of a HTN diagnosis. Among individuals without diabetes, odds of UACR testing were higher among Asians, Blacks, and Other subgroups compared to Whites (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.19; 95% CI 1.00-1.42 for Blacks; aOR 1.33; 1.13-1.56 for Asians; aOR 1.30; 1.04-1.60 for Other) but were not significantly different between Hispanics and Whites (aOR 1.17; 0.97-1.39). Among individuals with diabetes, only Asians had higher odds of UACR testing compared to Whites (aOR 1.35; 1.12-1.63).
conclusionsPrevalence of UACR testing among low-income patients with HTN is low in one public health-care delivery system, with higher odds of UACR testing among racial/ethnic minority subgroups compared to Whites without diabetes and similar odds among those with diabetes. If generalizable, less albuminuria testing may not explain higher prevalence of kidney failure in racial/ethnic minorities.
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