ArticleArthritis research & therapy2019
Metformin improves salivary gland inflammation and hypofunction in murine Sjögren's syndrome.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of anti-diabetic medications on the teeth, oral soft and hard tissues, saliva, and implants: a scoping review.BDJ open · 2026Review
- Deciphering the Anti-Tumor Mechanisms of Metformin Through Reprogramming of the Tumor Microenvironment.Cells · 2026Review
- mTOR signaling pathway in primary Sjögren's syndrome: Pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Metformin Promotes Acquisition of Immune Tolerance in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
- Metformin use and the risk of incident immune-mediated diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells in primary sjögren disease: regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Development of an improved preclinical humanized mouse platform representing the diverse clinical phenotypes of Sjögren's syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Salivary gland cell senescence in Sjögren's syndrome: current research and novel therapeutic directions.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Exploring MHC class II I-Ab blockade as a potential treatment for Sjögren's disease in the mouse model.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Preventive Effect of Metformin in Radiation-Induced Xerostomia.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Salivary gland transcriptomic analysis and immunophenotyping in the IL-14α transgenic mouse model of Sjögren's disease.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Article
- The role of microRNAs in primary Sjögren's disease: deciphering regulatory networks and assessing current therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Optimized Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Metformin: Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Protection Against Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Organ Damage.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Effect of Metformin on Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells: Implications in Aging and Diabetic Dry Eye Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Rheumatic diseases and metabolism: where centre and periphery meet.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Therapeutic JAK1 Inhibition Reverses Lupus Nephritis in a Mouse Model and Demonstrates Transcriptional Changes Consistent With Human Disease.ACR open rheumatology · 2024Article
- Causal Relationship Between Sjögren's Syndrome and Gut Microbiota: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Metformin-mediated effects on mesenchymal stem cells and mechanisms: proliferation, differentiation and aging.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Metformin-induced activation of CaJournal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Article
- Metformin Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced Fibrosis in Salivary Gland: A Preliminary Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActivated T and B cells participate in the development and progression of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Metformin, a first-line anti-diabetic drug, exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects by activating AMPK. We investigated the therapeutic effect of metformin in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/ShiLtJ mice, an animal model of SS.
methodsMetformin or vehicle was administered orally to the mice for 9 weeks. The salivary flow rate was measured at 11, 13, 15, 17, and 20 weeks. Histological analysis of the salivary glands from vehicle- and metformin-treated mice was conducted. CD4
resultsMetformin reduced salivary gland inflammation and restored the salivary flow rate. Moreover, metformin reduced the interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-17 mRNA, and protein levels in the salivary glands. Metformin reduced the Th17 and Th1 cell populations and increased the regulatory T cell population in the peripheral blood and spleen and modulated the balance between Tfh and follicular regulatory T cells. In addition, metformin reduced B cell differentiation into germinal center B cells, decreased the serum immunoglobulin G level, and maintained the balance between IL-10- and IL-17-producing B cells.
conclusionMetformin suppresses effector T cells, induces regulatory T cells, and regulates B cell differentiation in an animal model of SS. In addition, metformin ameliorates salivary gland inflammation and hypofunction, suggesting that it has potential for the treatment of SS.
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