Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31164124›Full record

ArticleBMC medical genomics2019

African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer.

Desiree C Petersen, Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri, Abraham van Wyk, Eva K F Chan, Pedro Fernandez, Ruth J Lyons, Shingai B A Mutambirw, Andre van der Merwe, Philip A Venter, William Bates and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical genomics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Race and prostate cancer: genomic landscape.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Desiree C PetersenLaboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
Weerachai JaratlerdsiriLaboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
Abraham van WykDivision of Anatomical Pathology, NHLS Tygerberg and Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Eva K F ChanLaboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
Pedro FernandezDivision of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Ruth J LyonsLaboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
Shingai B A MutambirwDepartment of Urology, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Medunsa, South Africa.
Andre van der MerweDivision of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Philip A VenterFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa.
William BatesDivision of Anatomical Pathology, NHLS Tygerberg and Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
M S Riana BornmanSchool of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Vanessa M HayesLaboratory for Human Comparative and Prostate Cancer Genomics, Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. v.hayes@garvan.org.au.ORCID 0000-0002-4524-7280
Garvan Institute of Medical Research · AUStellenbosch University · ZASefako Makgatho Health Sciences University · ZAThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity of Limpopo · ZAUniversity of Pretoria · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundsGenetic diversity is greatest within Africa, in particular the KhoeSan click-speaking peoples of southern Africa. South African populations represent admixture fractions including differing degrees of African, African-KhoeSan and non-African genetic ancestries. Within the United States, African ancestry has been linked to prostate cancer presentation and mortality. Together with environmental contributions, genetics is a significant risk factor for high-risk prostate cancer, defined by a pathological Gleason score ≥ 8.

methodsUsing genotype array data merged with ancestry informative reference data, we investigate the contribution of African ancestral fractions to high-risk prostate cancer. Our study includes 152 South African men of African (Black) or African-admixed (Coloured) ancestries, in which 40% showed high-risk prostate cancer.

resultsGenetic fractions were determined for averaging an equal African to non-African genetic ancestral contribution in the Coloured; we found African ancestry to be linked to high-risk prostate cancer (P-value = 0.0477). Adjusting for age, the associated African ancestral fraction was driven by a significant KhoeSan over Bantu contribution, defined by Gleason score ≥ 8 (P-value = 0.02329) or prostate specific antigen levels ≥20 ng/ml (P-value = 0.03713). Additionally, we observed the mean overall KhoeSan contribution to be increased in Black patients with high-risk (11.8%) over low-risk (10.9%) disease. Linking for the first time KhoeSan ancestry to a common modern disease, namely high-risk prostate cancer, we tested in this small study the validity of using KhoeSan ancestry as a surrogate for identifying potential high-risk prostate cancer risk loci. As such, we identified four loci within chromosomal regions 2p11.2, 3p14, 8q23 and 22q13.2 (P-value = all age-adjusted < 0.01), two of which have previously been associated with high-risk prostate cancer.

conclusionsOur study suggests that ancient KhoeSan ancestry may be linked to common modern diseases, specifically those of late onset and therefore unlikely to have undergone exclusive selective pressure. As such we show within a uniquely admixed South African population a link between KhoeSan ancestry and high-risk prostate cancer, which may explain the 2-fold increase in presentation in Black South Africans compared with African Americans.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationBlack or African AmericanBlack PeopleGenetic LociGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotyping TechniquesHumansMaleNeoplasm GradingProstatic NeoplasmsAfrican ancestryAncestral fractionsAncestry informative markersHigh-risk diseaseKhoeSanProstate cancer

Identifiers

PMID31164124
PMCPMC6549381
OpenAlexW2948140059

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.