ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology2019
Beyond DNA and RNA: The Expanding Toolbox of Synthetic Genetics.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- The MODNAP benchmark set for modeling ribose-based modified nucleic acid and nucleic acid-protein complexes: a case study with AlphaFold 3.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Are we there yet with XNA aptamers?RSC advances · 2026Review
- High-Affinity Six-Letter DNA XenoAptamer Generation by Genetic Alphabet Expansion.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Reconstituting alternative life using the test-bed of cell-free systems.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- The XNA alphabet.Nucleic acids research · 2025Review
- Amino acids catalyse RNA formation under ambient alkaline conditions.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid joining enzymes: biological functions and synthetic applications beyond DNA.The Biochemical journal · 2025Review
- Intellectual frameworks to understand complex biochemical systems at the origin of life.Nature chemistry · 2025Article
- Advancing the enzymatic toolkit for 2'-fluoro arabino nucleic acid (FANA) manipulation: phosphorylation, ligation, replication, and templating RNA transcription.Chemical science · 2024Article
- Synthesis of Fluorinated Nucleosides/Nucleotides and Their Antiviral Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Ionic liquid-caged nucleic acids enable active folding-based molecular recognition with hydrolysis resistance.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Emergence of ATP- and GTP-Binding Aptamers from Single RNA Sequences by Error-Prone Replication and Selection.ChemSystemsChem · 2023Article
- Characterization of an HNA aptamer suggests a non-canonical G-quadruplex motif.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Rapid Chemical Ligation of DNA andJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- The Expanded Central Dogma: Genome Resynthesis, Orthogonal Biosystems, Synthetic Genetics.Annual review of biophysics · 2023Review
- A two-residue nascent-strand steric gate controls synthesis of 2'-O-methyl- and 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-RNA.Nature chemistry · 2023Article
- Artificial genetic polymers against human pathologies.Biology direct · 2022Review
- Thermophilic Nucleic Acid Polymerases and Their Application in Xenobiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- XNAzymes targeting the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibit viral infection.Nature communications · 2022Article
- A modular XNAzyme cleaves long, structured RNAs under physiological conditions and enables allele-specific gene silencing.Nature chemistry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The remarkable physicochemical properties of the natural nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, define modern biology at the molecular level and are widely believed to have been central to life's origins. However, their ability to form repositories of information as well as functional structures such as ligands (aptamers) and catalysts (ribozymes/DNAzymes) is not unique. A range of nonnatural alternatives, collectively termed xeno nucleic acids (XNAs), are also capable of supporting genetic information storage and propagation as well as evolution. This gives rise to a new field of "synthetic genetics," which seeks to expand the nucleic acid chemical toolbox for applications in both biotechnology and molecular medicine. In this review, we outline XNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase engineering as a key enabling technology and summarize the application of "synthetic genetics" to the development of aptamers, enzymes, and nanostructures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.