ReviewThe Lancet. Neurology2019
Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.
Review in The Lancet. Neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 158 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 308 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal depression, alcohol use, and transient effects of perinatal paraprofessional home visiting in South Africa: Eight-year follow-up of a cluster randomized controlled trial.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Trial
- Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of choline for neurodevelopment in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: corpus callosum white matter microstructure and neurocognitive outcomes.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2022Trial
- Evaluation of the German biographic screening interview for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (BSI-FASD).Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Four-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of choline for neurodevelopment in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2020Trial
- Craniofacial development: genetics, signaling pathways, teratogenic mechanisms, and clinal significance.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Validity of an Online Cognitive Screening Tool for FASD: Testing the Equivalence of BRAIN-online to Neuropsychological Assessment Measures.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Association of maternal alcohol consumption with frequent nocturnal enuresis in offspring.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Differentiating Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders From Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Reviewing Diagnostic Guidelines.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Review
- Mechanical properties of the developing brain in a model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and relationships to perineuronal net integrity.Brain research · 2026Article
- The NKCC1 Antagonist Bumetanide, Administered After Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Mitigates Ethanol-Induced Aberrance in Tangential Migration of GABAergic Interneurons in Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Sensitive periods for prenatal alcohol exposure shape internalizing symptoms across development.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Developmental Neurotoxicity of Alcohol from Neuronal Basis to Behavioural Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Retrospective Cohort Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Validation of the ND-PAE Diagnosis in Children with Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Does a Biochemical Approach Facilitate the Diagnosis of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Neonatal Period?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dysmorphological and Neuropsychological Phenotypes of Prenatally Alcohol-Exposed 6-Year-Old Children: A Prospective Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- A Single Dose of a Psychedelic Drug Repairs Prefrontal Cortex Synaptic Physiology in a Mouse Model of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Maternal childhood adversity as an upstream vulnerability for prenatal alcohol use and maternal mental health.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Article
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although prenatal alcohol exposure causes craniofacial anomalies, growth retardation, neurological abnormalities, cognitive impairment, and birth defects, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is underdiagnosed. Global prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is 0·77%, with a higher prevalence of 2-5% in Europe and North America, highlighting the need for increased diagnosis and treatment. However, diagnosis remains challenging because of the poor reliability of self-reported maternal drinking histories, an absence of sensitive biomarkers, and the infrequency of diagnostic dysmorphic facial features among individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Different diagnostic systems and disagreements over criteria have slowed progress in the diagnosis and management of the disorder. Neuroimaging shows abnormalities in brain structure, cortical development, white matter microstructure, and functional connectivity in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. These abnormalities modify developmental trajectories and are associated with deficits in cognition, executive function, memory, vision, hearing, motor skills, behaviour, and social adaptation. Promising trials of nutritional interventions and cognitive rehabilitation therapies are underway, with the aim of treating cognitive deficits in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.