Observational studyGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2019
Repeated intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factors and risk of intraocular pressure medication use.
Observational study in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antiglaucoma agents on short-term intraocular pressure fluctuations after intravitreal bevacizumab injections.International ophthalmology · 2021Trial
- Increased intraocular pressure immediately after aflibercept 8 mg intravitreal injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Risk of Ocular Hypertension With Intravitreal Triamcinolone Compared to the Dexamethasone Implant.Journal of vitreoretinal diseases · 2026Article
- Real-World Comparison of Biosimilar Ranibizumab (Ranieyes) and Innovator Ranibizumab (Lucentis/Accentrix) Across Multiple Retinal Vascular Diseases (The BRIO Study).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Guiding syringe selection for intravitreal injections: injectability and stability analysis of compounded pegcetacoplan (SYFOVRE) and the broader implications for high-viscosity ophthalmic therapies.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Article
- Outcomes of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for Sustained Elevation of Intraocular Pressure Following Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Engineered virus-like particle-assembled Vegfa-targeting Cas9 ribonucleoprotein treatment alleviates neovascularization in wet age-related macular degeneration.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Intraocular Pressure After Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injection in Eyes With a Mineralized Bruch's Membrane Caused by Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Potential prospects of Chinese medicine application in diabetic retinopathy.World journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Impact of Intra-Retinal Fluids on Changes in Retinal Ganglion Cell and Nerve Fiber Layers in Neovascular AMD under Anti-VEGF Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the Relationship between Anti-VEGF Therapy and Glaucoma: Implications for Management Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use is associated with reduced risk for glaucoma.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Clinical Features Associated with Acute Elevated Intraocular Pressure After Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Intraocular pressure decreases in eyes with glaucoma-related diagnoses after conversion to aflibercept for treatment-resistant age-related macular degeneration.Eye (London, England) · 2022Article
- Mid-Term Impact of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents on Intraocular Pressure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Prophylaxis with intraocular pressure lowering medication and glaucomatous progression in patients receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy.International journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- [Treatment of secondary glaucoma following intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy with the XEN® gel stent and mitomycin C].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine the risk of initiating ocular hypertension and glaucoma treatment with repeated injections of antivascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF).
methodsA unique, retrospective cohort study was performed using a large national US medical claim database. The study population included patients who had 1 or more injections of an anti-VEGF agent. Exclusion occurred for any previous glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, glaucoma-related procedure, an ocular steroid injection, or not seeing an eye care provider at least once in each year of follow-up. Cohorts were divided into quartiles based on the number of injections performed over the follow-up period. Patients were observed for 2 and 3 years. The main outcome measure was defined as any new prescription for an ocular antihypertensive medication with a concurrent diagnosis of glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, or ocular hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression determined the odds of initiating glaucoma treatment in each injection quartile while controlling for numerous covariates. Sensitivity analysis assessed outcomes that included new medication only as well as a new medication plus diagnosis of glaucoma.
resultsIn total, 17,113 and 9992 patients met 2- and 3-year observation end points, respectively. The multivariate odds ratio for initiating glaucoma treatment at 2 years was higher in the highest quartile (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.39-2.76, p < 0.001) compared with the lowest. The 3-year comparison had similar results with increased odds in the highest quartile (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.07-2.13, p = 0.006) compared with the lowest. Sensitivity analyses also showed similar results with more injections being associated with initiating treatment (p < 0.053 for all comparisons).
conclusionsRepeated anti-VEGF injections are associated with an increased odds of initiating treatment for ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.