Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31151419›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2019

Adjuvant cytokine-induced killer cell immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis of real-world data.

Jun Sik Yoon, Byeong Geun Song, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Hyo Young Lee, Sun Woong Kim, Young Chang, Yun Bin Lee, Eun Ju Cho, Su Jong Yu, Dong Hyun Sinn and 3 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  9. Article
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  14. The Functional Roles of Immune Cells in Primary Liver Cancer.The American journal of pathology · 2022
    Review
  15. Neutrophils as potential therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Cellular immunotherapies for cancer.Irish journal of medical science · 2021
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jun Sik YoonDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Byeong Geun SongDepartment of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jeong-Hoon LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. pindra@empal.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0315-2080
Hyo Young LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Sun Woong KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Young ChangDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yun Bin LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Eun Ju ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Su Jong YuDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Dong Hyun SinnDepartment of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yoon Jun KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Joon Hyeok LeeDepartment of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jung-Hwan YoonDepartment of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeveral randomized controlled trials have shown that adjuvant immunotherapy with autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells prolongs recurrence-free survival (RFS) after curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the efficacy of adjuvant immunotherapy with activated CIK cells in real-world clinical practice.

methodsA total of 59 patients who had undergone curative surgical resection or radiofrequency ablation for stage I or II HCC, and subsequently received adjuvant CIK cell immunotherapy at two large-volume centers in Korea were retrospectively included. Propensity score matching with a 1:1 ratio was conducted to avoid possible bias, and 59 pairs of matched control subjects were also generated. The primary endpoint was RFS and the secondary endpoints were overall survival and safety.

resultsThe median follow-up duration was 28.0 months (interquartile range, 22.9-42.3 months). In a univariable analysis, the immunotherapy group showed significantly longer RFS than the control group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22-0.80; log-rank P = 0.006). The median RFS in the control group was 29.8 months, and the immunotherapy group did not reach a median RFS. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that immunotherapy was an independent predictor for HCC recurrence (adjusted HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.73; P = 0.004). The overall incidence of adverse events in the immunotherapy group was 16/59 (27.1%) and no patient experienced a grade 3 or 4 adverse event.

conclusionsThe adjuvant immunotherapy with autologous CIK cells after curative treatment safely prolonged the RFS of HCC patients in a real-world setting.

Indexed as

AgedCarcinoma, HepatocellularCombined Modality TherapyCytokine-Induced Killer CellsDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveLiver NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRepublic of KoreaRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateTransplantation, AutologousAdjuvant immunotherapyCytokine-induced killer cellHepatocelluar carcinomaOverall survivalRecurrence-free survival

Identifiers

PMID31151419
PMCPMC6543598

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.