ArticlePediatric obesity2019
Improvement in food environments may help prevent childhood obesity: Evidence from a 9-year cohort study.
Article in Pediatric obesity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between access to full-service restaurants and childhood obesity.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- State-of-the-art of measures of the obesogenic environment for children.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Association between access to convenience stores and childhood obesity: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Neighborhood supermarket access and childhood obesity: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Fast-food restaurant, unhealthy eating, and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Street connectivity, physical activity, and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Grocery store access and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Access to fruit and vegetable markets and childhood obesity: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Traffic-related environmental factors and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Neighbourhood residential density and childhood obesity.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluating School-Based Obesity Prevention Interventions in 6- to 12-Year-Old Children: A Scoping Review of All Reported Outcomes and Expert Consultation.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Article
- Assessing Obesity Risk: The Interaction of the Built and Food Environments with African Americans in Chicago.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Association between obesogenic environments and childhood overweight/obesity across the United States: Differences by rurality.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Causes, Consequences, and Preventive Strategies for Childhood Obesity: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Article
- A mixed-method systematic review and meta-analysis of the influences of food environments and food insecurity on obesity in high-income countries.Food science & nutrition · 2022Article
- A Proposed Research Agenda for Promoting Healthy Retail Food Environments in the East Asia-Pacific Region.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
- Associations between taste preferences and chronic diseases: a population-based exploratory study in China.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Evidence That Changes in Community Food Environments Lead to Changes in Children's Weight: Results from a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEffects of food environments (FEs) on childhood obesity are mixed.
objectivesTo examine the association of residential FEs with childhood obesity and variation of the association across gender and urbanicity.
methodsWe used the US Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort data, with 9440 kindergarteners followed up from 1998 to 2007. The Dun and Bradstreet commercial datasets in 1998 and 2007 were used to construct 12 FE measures of children, ie, changes in the food outlet mix and density of supermarkets, convenience stores, full-service restaurants, fast-food restaurants, retail bakery, dairy-product stores, health/dietetic food stores, confectionery stores, fruit/vegetable markets, meat/fish markets, and beverage stores. Two-level mixed-effect and cluster robust logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations.
resultsDecreased exposures to full-service restaurants, retail bakeries, fruit/vegetable markets, and beverage stores were generally obesogenic, while decreased exposure to dairy-product stores was generally obesoprotective; the magnitude and statistical significance of these associations varied by gender and urbanicity of residence. Higher obesity risk was associated with increased exposure to full-service restaurants among girls, and with decreased exposures to fruit/vegetable markets in urban children, to beverage stores in suburban children, and to health/dietetic food stores in rural children. Mixed findings existed between genders on the associations of fruit/vegetable markets with child weight status.
conclusionIn the United States, exposure to different FEs seemed to lead to different childhood obesity risks during 1998 to 2007; the association varied across gender and urbanicity. This study has important implications for future urban design and community-based interventions in fighting the obesity epidemic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.