ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2019
Paediatric and adult-onset male hypogonadism.
Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 274 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Müllerian hormone predicts positive sperm retrieval in men with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia-findings from a multi-centric cross-sectional study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Adult- and late-onset male hypogonadism: the clinical practice guidelines of the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS) and the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Guideline
- Does hormonal therapy improve sperm retrieval rates in men with non-obstructive azoospermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human reproduction update · 2022Pooled it
- Influence of Work on Andropause and Menopause: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of oral testosterone undecanoate in males with hypogonadism.Andrology · 2025Trial
- The effect of scrotal versus inguinal orchiopexy on the testicular function of children with clinically palpable, inguinal undescended testis: a randomized controlled trial.Asian journal of andrology · 2023Trial
- Nut Consumption and Sperm Quality in Healthy Men: Results From the Led-Fertyl Study.Andrology · 2026Article
- Association between changes in work environment and andropause symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japanese male workers: a cross-sectional study.Industrial health · 2026Article
- Metabolic and Atherogenic Thresholds in the Severity of Erectile Dysfunction: The Dominant Role of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology in reproductive medicine: from gamete engineering to precision therapeutics.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Is Male Hypogonadism a Risk Factor for Cancer Through Weakening of the Immune System?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Navigating sexual health, fertility, and adult wellness in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Current standards of care and future directions.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Review
- Clinical insights into the association between chronic liver disease and osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Variations in diagnostic criteria for male hypogonadism: is there a need for standardizing specialist society guidelines?International journal of impotence research · 2026Review
- Fractionated testosterone gel replacement therapy in clinical practice: A real-world exploratory clinical experience.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Real-World Outcomes and Safety of Testosterone Therapy: A Longitudinal, Retrospective Cohort Study of Over 9,000 Men.The world journal of men's health · 2026Article
- An extracellular vesicle-mediated mitochondrial transfer network critical for testosterone synthesis.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Dual action of SS31 via NRF2/HO-1: countering oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction in ovarian aging.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Review
- Clinical approach to the male with delayed puberty.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is of relevance in many processes related to the development, maturation and ageing of the male. Through this axis, a cascade of coordinated activities is carried out leading to sustained testicular endocrine function, with gonadal testosterone production, as well as exocrine function, with spermatogenesis. Conditions impairing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during paediatric or pubertal life may result in delayed puberty. Late-onset hypogonadism is a clinical condition in the ageing male combining low concentrations of circulating testosterone and specific symptoms associated with impaired hormone production. Testosterone therapy for congenital forms of hypogonadism must be lifelong, whereas testosterone treatment of late-onset hypogonadism remains a matter of debate because of unclear indications for replacement, uncertain efficacy and potential risks. This Primer focuses on a reappraisal of the physiological role of testosterone, with emphasis on the critical interpretation of the hypogonadal conditions throughout the lifespan of the male individual, with the exception of hypogonadal states resulting from congenital disorders of sex development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.