Observational studyReproductive health2019
Indications for increase in caesarean delivery.
Observational study in Reproductive health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contraindications in national guidelines for vaginal breech delivery at term: Comparison, consensus, and controversy.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of breathing exercise on the duration of labour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of WHO-recommended antenatal care visits, ultrasonography, and health education in reducing unnecessary caesarean sections among pregnant women in Bangladesh: a hospital-based randomised controlled trial.Journal of global health · 2025Trial
- Childbirth experiences in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A cohort study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
- The significance of different intervertebral spaces in combined spinal epidural anesthesia in cesarean section.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Trial
- Multi-professional simulation training on prolonged labor in Tanzania: A quasi-experimental, pre-post interventional study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Understanding Trade-Offs in Planned Vaginal and Caesarean Birth.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Cesarean delivery on maternal request and Robson classification.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Risk factors associated with maternal complications of caesarean delivery in Rwanda: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Following Planned Vaginal Birth Compared to Planned Caesarean Birth: A Population-Based Study.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- The Effect of Midwife-Led Continuous Labor Support Care on Delivery Mode and Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding in Primigravida Women in Northwest Ethiopia: A Hybrid Type I Implementation Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes of caesarean deliveries in a resource-limited tribal hospital in the Eastern Ghats of India.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prediction of caesarean section birth using machine learning algorithms among pregnant women in a district hospital in Ghana.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Midwifery Continuity of Care During Pregnancy, Birth, and the Postpartum Period: A Matched Cohort Study.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2025Article
- A 10-year cesarean section rate analysis in a Brazilian referral maternity hospital using the Robson's ten group classification system.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2025Article
- Associations between term cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy and second-pregnancy preterm delivery.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Cesarean Section Trends and Associated Factors at a Tertiary Care Center in India: A Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Inconsistent definitions of prolonged labor in international literature: a scoping review.AJOG global reports · 2024Article
- Caesarean section on maternal request: a qualitative study of conflicts related to shared decision-making and person-centred care in Sweden.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- YouTube as a Source of Patient Information on External Cephalic Version: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe increasing caesarean delivery rate worldwide is followed by increased maternal morbidity due to pathological placentation, peripartum hysterectomy and obstetric bleeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the indications for caesarean delivery. STUDY
designA retrospective observational study. Data were retrieved from the Swedish Pregnancy Register and obstetric records at a tertiary hospital in Sweden between the early 1990s and 2015.
resultsCaesarean delivery in Sweden increased from 10% in the early 1990s to 17% in 2015 concomitantly with decreased instrumental delivery and increased labour induction. Most planned caesareans at the tertiary hospital were performed on maternal request with a rate increasing from 0.6 to 4.6% of all deliveries (p < 0.001), and 60% of these women reported secondary fear of vaginal delivery. The second most common indication previous uterine scar increased from 1.2 to 2.3% (p < 0.001). Most urgent caesareans in 2015 were carried out because of prolonged labour with the rate increasing from 2.1% to 5.4% of all deliveries (p < 0.001). The second most common indication was imminent fetal asphyxia which increased from 2.4 to 2.6% (p < 0.01).
conclusionsThe Swedish caesarean delivery rate increased concomitantly with a decrease in instrumental delivery and an increase in labour induction. Most of the planned caesareans were performed on maternal request and most of the urgent caesareans were carried out because of prolonged labour. These findings emphasise the importance of standardised definitions of maternal request and follow-up after a negative birth experience, as well as adequate definitions of prolonged labour and foetal asphyxia to decrease unnecessary caesareans.
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