ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2019
A comparison of the utility of urine- and hair testing in detecting self-reported drug use among young adult opioid users.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diversity inclusion in United States opioid pharmacological treatment trials: A systematic review.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Self-report and urine drug screen concordance among women with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders participating in a clinical trial: Impact of drug type and participant characteristics.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- Prenatal and Infancy Nurse Home Visiting Effects on Mothers: 18-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Trial.Pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Cannabis use and glutamate across the psychosis spectrum: in vivo evidence from 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Examining Secular Changes in Health Risk Behavior Profiles and Their Associations With Mental Distress During Adolescence.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Cannabis Use and Glutamate across the Psychosis Spectrum: In Vivo Evidence from 7T Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.Research square · 2025Article
- Cannabis legalization and increasing cannabis use in the United States: Data from urine toxicology testing in emergency room patients.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Risk of Relapse Following Discharge from Non-Hospital Residential Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review of Studies Published from 2018 to 2022.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- Substance use assessment: comparing self-reports with objective data in a research setting.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use Among Youth Living with HIV in Fishing Communities in Uganda.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Five cases of unintentional exposure to BZO-4en-POXIZID among nightclub attendees in New York City.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2024Article
- Trends and correlates of discordant reporting of drug use among nightclub/festival attendees, 2019-2022.Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Europium Nanoparticles-Based Fluorescence Immunochromatographic Detection of Three Abused Drugs in Hair.Toxics · 2023Article
- On the challenges of hair testing to detect underreported substance use in research settings.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Challenges and future trends in wearable closed-loop neuromodulation to efficiently treat methamphetamine addiction.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Article
- What is the prevalence of drug use in the general population? Simulating underreported and unknown use for more accurate national estimates.Annals of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Discordant report of vaping of cannabis among high school seniors in the United States.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2022Article
- Underreporting of past-year cannabis use on a national survey by people who smoke blunts.Substance abuse · 2022Article
- When national drug surveys "take too long": An examination of who is at risk for survey fatigue.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBiological testing can be used to validate or detect underreported drug use. Since hair testing is increasingly used in survey research, we examined how the utility of hair testing compares to a more common method-urine testing.
methods532 adults (ages 18-29) reporting past-month heroin use and/or nonmedical prescription opioid use were surveyed about past-month use of various drugs. Participants were urine-tested and the majority (79.3%) provided a hair sample for analysis. We examined the utility of urine vs. hair-testing in detecting past-month use of various drugs.
resultsCompared to hair testing, urine testing was able to confirm higher proportions of self-reported use of heroin/opioids (85.5% vs. 80.9%), marijuana (73.9% vs. 22.9%), benzodiazepines (51.3% vs. 15.1%), and methadone (77.0% vs. 48.7%), while hair testing was more likely to detect reported cocaine use (66.3% vs. 48.0%) (Ps<.01). Compared to hair testing, urine testing was more likely to detect unreported use of marijuana (11.3% vs. 0.9%), and benzodiazepines (14.4% vs. 5.4%), and hair testing was more likely to detect unreported use of cocaine (27.0% vs. 5.8%) and oxycodone (19.7% vs. 1.4%) (Ps<.001). When added to urine testing, hair testing increased detection of reported and non-reported use of cocaine and oxycodone ranging from 14 to 22%.
conclusionsWhile hair testing is efficacious in detecting drug use in wide window periods (e.g., past-year use), it is less efficacious than urine testing when testing for past-month use of select drugs among opiate/opioid users. However, hair testing is particularly efficacious in detecting unreported use of cocaine and/or oxycodone.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.