ReviewCurrent opinion in nephrology and hypertension2019
The use of antibiotics and risk of kidney stones.
Review in Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urolithiasis in patients with cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Oxalate Nephropathy in a Patient With Chronic Pancreatitis and Recent Surgery: A Clinical Conundrum.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Urinary Tract Infection in Patients with Urolithiasis: A Large Retrospective Observational Study of Clinical Features and Microbiological Spectrum.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Observational
- The effects of antibiotics use during early life and genetic risk on urolithiasis incidence: a large-scale UK biobank cohort study.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- A 64-Year-Old Woman with Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Increased Urinary Oxalate Excretion Presenting with Acute Kidney Injury Due to Acute Oxalate Nephropathy.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- National analysis of the dietary index for gut microbiota and kidney stones: evidence from NHANES (2007-2018).Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dysbiosis of gut and urinary microbiota in urolithiasis patients and post-surgical cases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: A Changing Landscape Through Time and Space.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Microbial communities, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors in urinary infectious stone-associated urinary tract infections.Urolithiasis · 2024Article
- Engineered microorganisms: A new direction in kidney stone prevention and treatment.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2024Review
- Gut and Urinary Microbiota in Cats with Kidney Stones.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Ceftriaxone Administration Associated with Lithiasis in Children: Guilty or Not? A Systematic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Postbiotics and Kidney Disease.Toxins · 2022Review
- Synbiotic supplementation and oxalate homeostasis in rats: focus on microbiota oxalate-degrading activity.Urolithiasis · 2022Article
- Cefazolin sodium pentahydrate cause urolithiasis: a case report and literature review.Journal of surgical case reports · 2022Article
- Forty Years of Oxalobacter formigenes, a Gutsy Oxalate-Degrading Specialist.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Review
- Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis and Gut Microbiota: Not just a Gut-Kidney Axis. A Nutritional Perspective.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Management of Small, Non-obstructing Renal Stones in Adults With Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections.Reviews in urology · 2020Review
- Oxalate nephropathy and chronic turmeric supplementation: a case report.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe effect of the intestinal microbiome on urine chemistry and lithogenicity has been a popular topic. Here we review the evidence for exposure to antibiotics increasing the risk of nephrolithiasis. RECENT
findingsStudies of the intestinal microbiome have focused on Oxalobacter formigenes, an anaerobe that frequently colonizes the human colon. As a degrader of fecal oxalate its presence is associated with lower urinary oxalate, which would be protective against calcium oxalate stone formation. It also appears capable of stimulating colonic oxalate secretion. A recent study showed that antibiotics can eliminate colonization with O. formigenes. In a case-control study, exposure to sulfa drugs, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, nitrofurantoin/methenamine, and broad spectrum penicillins prospectively increased the odds of nephrolithiasis. The effect was greatest for those exposed at younger ages and 3-6 months before being diagnosed with nephrolithiasis. SUMMARY: Recent evidence suggests a possible, causal role of antibiotics in the development of kidney stones. A possible explanation for this finding includes alterations in the microbiome, especially effects on oxalate-degrading bacteria like O. formigenes. Ample reasons to encourage antibiotic stewardship already exist, but the possible role of antibiotic exposure in contributing to the increasing prevalence of kidney stones in children and adults is another rationale.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.