ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Multiphase reactivity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is driven by phase separation and diffusion limitations.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental Behavior, Toxicological Pathways, and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): From Molecular Structure to Human Health.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Day-by-Day Ambient Determination of Nighttime Heterogeneous Oxidation of Particle-Phase Benzo[a]pyrene in an Urban Environment.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- VOC injection into a house reveals large surface reservoir sizes in an indoor environment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Multiphase OH Oxidation of Bisphenols: Chemical Transformation and Persistence in the Environment.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Global Simulations of Phase State and Equilibration Time Scales of Secondary Organic Aerosols with GEOS-Chem.ACS earth & space chemistry · 2025Article
- Probing the evaporation dynamics of semi-volatile organic compounds to reveal the thermodynamics of liquid-liquid phase separated aerosol.Chemical science · 2024Article
- Molecular Self-Organization in Surfactant Atmospheric Aerosol Proxies.Accounts of chemical research · 2023Article
- Emission factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from laboratory biomass-burning and their chemical transformations during aging in an oxidation flow reactor.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- The Emissions Fractions Approach to Assessing the Long-Range Transport Potential of Organic Chemicals.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Solid organic-coated ammonium sulfate particles at high relative humidity in the summertime Arctic atmosphere.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- The Parallel Transformations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Body and in the Atmosphere.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Key Factors for Improving the Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of PAH Inhalation Exposure by Monte Carlo Simulation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Assessing Human Exposure to SVOCs in Materials, Products, and Articles: A Modular Mechanistic Framework.Environmental science & technology · 2021Review
- Benzo(a)pyrene Enhanced Dermatophagoides Group 1 (Der f 1)-Induced TGFβ1 Signaling Activation Through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-RhoA Axis in Asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Indoor Surface Chemistry: Developing a Molecular Picture of Reactions on Indoor Interfaces.Chem · 2020Review
- Evaluating consumer exposure to disinfecting chemicals against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associated health risks.Environment international · 2020Article
- Unexpected formation of oxygen-free products and nitrous acid from the ozonolysis of the neonicotinoid nitenpyram.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a key polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) often associated with soot particles coated by organic compounds, is a known carcinogen and mutagen. When mixed with organics, the kinetics and mechanisms of chemical transformations of BaP by ozone in indoor and outdoor environments are still not fully elucidated. Using direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), kinetics studies of the ozonolysis of BaP in thin films exhibited fast initial loss of BaP followed by a slower decay at long exposure times. Kinetic multilayer modeling demonstrates that the slow decay of BaP over long times can be simulated if there is slow diffusion of BaP from the film interior to the surface, resolving long-standing unresolved observations of incomplete PAH decay upon prolonged ozone exposure. Phase separation drives the slow diffusion time scales in multicomponent systems. Specifically, thermodynamic modeling predicts that BaP phase separates from secondary organic aerosol material so that the BaP-rich layer at the surface shields the inner BaP from ozone. Also, BaP is miscible with organic oils such as squalane, linoleic acid, and cooking oil, but its oxidation products are virtually immiscible, resulting in the formation of a viscous surface crust that hinders diffusion of BaP from the film interior to the surface. These findings imply that phase separation and slow diffusion significantly prolong the chemical lifetime of PAHs, affecting long-range transport of PAHs in the atmosphere and their fates in indoor environments.
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