ArticlemSphere2019
Transition of Bacterial Diversity and Composition in Tongue Microbiota during the First Two Years of Life.
Article in mSphere, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Life stage shifts in salivary microbiota determinants: a cross-sectional study in twins.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Bacterial Involvement in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders.Oral diseases · 2026Observational
- Developmental ecology of the infant oral ecosystem: a framework for early childhood caries.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Oral Microbiota Development in the First 60 Months: A Longitudinal Study.Journal of dental research · 2024Article
- Rat microbial biogeography and age-dependent lactic acid bacteria in healthy lungs.Lab animal · 2024Article
- The tongue microbiome of young patients with chronic kidney disease and their healthy mothers.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 deficiency exacerbates asthma by modulating macrophage polarization.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
- Impact of breastfeeding and other early-life factors on the development of the oral microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- The tongue biofilm metatranscriptome identifies metabolic pathways associated with the presence or absence of halitosis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2022Article
- Salivary microbiome in children with Down syndrome: a case-control study.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Microbiological characteristics of different tongue coatings in adults.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Comparison of oral microbiome profiles in 18-month-old infants and their parents.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Inter-site and interpersonal diversity of salivary and tongue microbiomes, and the effect of oral care tablets.F1000Research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Newborns are constantly exposed to various microbes from birth; hence, diverse commensal bacteria colonize the oral cavity. However, how or when these bacteria construct a complex and stable ecosystem remains unclear. This prospective cohort study examined the temporal changes in bacterial diversity and composition in tongue microbiota during infancy. We longitudinally collected a total of 464 tongue swab samples from 8 infants (age of <6 months at baseline) for approximately 2 years. We also collected samples from 32 children (aged 0 to 2 years) and 73 adults (aged 20 to 29 years) cross-sectionally as control groups. Bacterial diversities and compositions were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The tongue bacterial diversity in infancy, measured as the number of observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs), rapidly increased and nearly reached the same level as that in adults by around 80 weeks. The overall tongue bacterial composition in the transitional phase, 80 to 120 weeks, was more similar to that of adults than to that of the early exponential phase (EEP), 10 to 29 weeks, according to analysis of similarities. Dominant OTUs in the EEP corresponding to
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