SynthesisEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2019
Effectiveness of interventions for reducing TB incidence in countries with low TB incidence: a systematic review of reviews.
Synthesis in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the effectiveness of the community tuberculosis care programs: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the Diagnostic Performance of New Commercial Interferon-γ Release Assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of isolation and hospitalisation for people with TB.IJTLD open · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis: An Ongoing Global Threat.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Long-term impact of national tuberculosis program interventions on incidence and disparities by age and geography.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of a TB Team on TB Outcomes: A 2016-2024 Pre-Post Study From a Referral Center in Southern Italy.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Unrecognized Tuberculosis: Risk Factors for Smear-Positive/Cavitary Asymptomatic Cases.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Appraisal of umbrella reviews on vaccines.Communications medicine · 2024Review
- Active tuberculosis screening among the displaced population fleeing Ukraine, France, February to October 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of TB infection.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2022Article
- Country-specific approaches to latent tuberculosis screening targeting migrants in EU/EEA* countries: A survey of national experts, September 2019 to February 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2022Article
- Screening for Tuberculosis in Migrants: A Survey by the Global Tuberculosis Network.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Alcohol Use and the Risk of Communicable Diseases.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Association between vitamin D and latent tuberculosis infection in the United States: NHANES, 2011-2012.Infection and drug resistance · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsWhat is the evidence base for the effectiveness of interventions to reduce tuberculosis (TB) incidence in countries which have low TB incidence?
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of interventions for TB control and prevention relevant to low TB incidence settings (<10 cases per 100 000 population). Our analysis was stratified according to "direct" or "indirect" effects on TB incidence. Review quality was assessed using AMSTAR2 criteria. We summarised the strength of review level evidence for interventions as "sufficient", "tentative", "insufficient" or "no" using a framework based on the consistency of evidence within and between reviews.
resultsWe found sufficient review level evidence for direct effects on TB incidence/case prevention of vaccination and treatment of latent TB infection. We also found sufficient evidence of beneficial indirect effects attributable to drug susceptibility testing and adverse indirect effects (measured as sub-optimal treatment outcomes) in relation to use of standardised first-line drug regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and intermittent dosing regimens. We found insufficient review level evidence for direct or indirect effects of interventions in other areas, including screening, adherence, multidrug-resistant TB, and healthcare-associated infection. DISCUSSION: Our review has shown a need for stronger evidence to support expert opinion and country experience when formulating TB control policy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.