ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2019
PD-L1/PD1 Expression, Composition of Tumor-Associated Immune Infiltrate, and HPV Status in Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 and Programmed Death Ligand 2 in Ophthalmic Sebaceous Carcinoma: The Case for a Clinical Trial of Checkpoint Inhibitors.American journal of ophthalmology · 2020Trial
- Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Treatment of Ocular Surface Cancers: A Review.Seminars in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Metastatic conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma presenting as infectious sclerokeratouveitis.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2024Article
- Histologic and Genomic Analysis of Conjunctival SCC in African and American Cohorts Reveal UV Light and HPV Signatures and High Tumor Mutation Burden.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid.Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: International Society of Ocular Oncology President's Lecture, 2022.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Medical treatment for ocular surface squamous neoplasia.Eye (London, England) · 2023Review
- Human papillomavirus-related neoplasia of the ocular adnexa.Acta ophthalmologica · 2022Article
- Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Squamous Lesions of the Conjunctiva Using RNA and DNA In-Situ Hybridization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Exploring the Risk Factors of Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Establishing a Prognostic Model: Retrospective Study.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus, But Not Human Papillomavirus, Is Associated With Preinvasive and Invasive Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasias in Zambian Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Expression of thrombospondin-1 in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma is correlated to the Ki67 index and associated with progression-free survival.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Article
- Review
- Antiviral Responses in Cancer: Boosting Antitumor Immunity Through Activation of Interferon Pathway in the Tumor Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Immune check point inhibitors for ocular adnexal and periocular tumors.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
- Personalized treatment concepts in extraocular cancer.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchReview
- PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression Levels Are Low in Primary and Secondary Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas of the Orbit: Therapeutic Implications.Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a type of ocular surface neoplasia, is primarily treated by surgical resection and topical immuno- or chemotherapy. Metastatic disease may be treated with systemic chemo- or immunotherapy, albeit with variable response. The purpose of this study was to determine whether immune checkpoint blockade might be considered in the management of conjunctival SCC. Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) status, and immunohistochemical expression of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3), cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8), and programmed death 1 (PD1) in tumor-associated immune infiltrate in a series of 31 conjunctival SCCs. Results: PD-L1 expression in ≥1% of tumor cells was noted in 14 conjunctival SCCs (47%) and was more prevalent in invasive than in situ SCC and among tumors with higher American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) T category (≥T3 versus ≤T2). The density of CD3-positive T cells was higher in primary than recurrent tumors and higher in invasive than in situ tumors. Density of CD3-positive and CD8-positive T cells was higher in higher AJCC stage tumors. Density of CD8-positive T cells was higher in HPV-positive than HPV-negative tumors. PD-L1 expression correlated with a higher density of CD3-, CD8-, and PD1-positive cells in the tumor-associated immune infiltrate but not with HPV status. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that PD-L1 is expressed in almost half of conjunctival SCCs. The density of tumor-associated immune cells correlated with invasive SCC, stage, and HPV status in conjunctival SCC. Our findings support further studies to establish the potential application of immune checkpoint blockade in the management of conjunctival SCC.
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Registered trials
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