SynthesisThe Gerontologist2020
Racial Segregation Across U.S. Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review of Measurement and Outcomes.
Synthesis in The Gerontologist, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Nursing Home End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2021Pooled it
- Informal Segregation in Health Care Delivery: Historical, Anecdotal, and Objective Evidence.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Segregation in hospital care for Medicare beneficiaries by race and ethnicity and dual-eligible status from 2013 to 2021.Health services research · 2025Article
- Transporting difference-in-differences estimates to assess health equity impacts of payment and delivery models.Health services research · 2025Article
- Association of Racial and Ethnic Composition with Staff Levels in Nursing Homes: 2013-2019.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- Knowledge and Attitudes toward New Disease-Modifying Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease among Nursing Home Directors.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- The effects of Medicaid expansion on the racial/ethnic composition within nursing home residents.Health economics review · 2024Article
- Geospatial Distribution of Racial Disparities in Influenza Vaccination in Nursing Homes.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2024Article
- Association of geographical disparities and segregation in regional treatment facilities for Black patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Informal and Formal Advance Care Planning Among U.S. Older Adults.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Examining Regional Differences in Nursing Home Palliative Care for Black and Hispanic Residents.Journal of palliative medicine · 2022Article
- Employee Perceptions on Ethics, Racial-Ethnic and Work Disparities in Long-Term Care: Implications for Ethics Committees.HEC forum : an interdisciplinary journal on hospitals' ethical and legal issues · 2022Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in the improvement in daily activities during a nursing home stay.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2022Article
- Association Between Cognitive Status and Falls With and Without Injury During a Skilled Nursing Facility Short Stay.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
- Association between Residential Segregation and Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Performance on Improvement in Function among Ventilated Patients.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- High Rates of Multimorbidity Reported Among People of Color Despite Healthy Weight.Health equity · 2022Article
- Racial/Ethnic Differences in Staff-Assessed Pain Behaviors Among Newly Admitted Nursing Home Residents.Journal of pain and symptom management · 2021Article
- Factors Associated With Racial Differences in Deaths Among Nursing Home Residents With COVID-19 Infection in the US.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Changes over Time in Racial/Ethnic Differences in Quality of Life for Nursing Home Residents: Patterns within and between Facilities.Journal of aging and health · 2020Article
- Variation in SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence in U.S. Skilled Nursing Facilities.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesNursing homes remain subjected to institutional racial segregation in the United States. However, a standardized approach to measure segregation in nursing homes does not appear to be established. A systematic review was conducted to identify all formal measurement approaches to evaluate racial segregation among nursing home facilities, and to then identify the association between segregation and quality of care in this context. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched (January 2018) for publications relating to nursing home segregation. Following the PRISMA guidelines, studies were included that formally measured racial segregation of nursing homes residents across facilities with regional-level data.
resultsEight studies met the inclusion criteria. Formal segregation measures included the Dissimilarity Index, Disparities Quality Index, Modified Thiel's Entropy Index, Gini coefficient, and adapted models. The most common data sources were the Minimum Data Set (MDS; resident-level), the Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reporting data (CASPER; facility-level), and the Area Resource File/ U.S. Census Data (regional-level). Most studies showed evidence of racial segregation among U.S. nursing home facilities and documented a negative impact of segregation on racial minorities and facility-level quality outcomes. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: The measurement of racial segregation among nursing homes is heterogeneous. While there are limitations to each methodology, this review can be used as a reference when trying to determine the best approach to measure racial segregation in future studies. Moreover, racial segregation among nursing homes remains a problem and should be further evaluated.
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Registered trials
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