ReviewNutrients2019
Impact of Cocoa Products Intake on Plasma and Urine Metabolites: A Review of Targeted and Non-Targeted Studies in Humans.
Review in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- A histomorphological analysis of the effects of Ghanaian alcoholic bitters and natural cocoa powder on the liver and kidney tissues in Sprague Dawley rats.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Article
- Untargeted Metabolomics and Chemometrics Elucidate Dynamic Plasma Profile Changes Induced by Cocoa Shell in Female Rats.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Effect of caffeine and other xanthines on liver sinusoidal endothelial cell ultrastructure.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Added Sugar Consumption in Spanish Children (7-12 y) and Nutrient Density of Foods Contributing to Such Consumption: An Observational Study.Nutrients · 2023Observational
- The gut-derived metabolites as mediators of the effect of healthy nutrition on the brain.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Review
- Metabolomics Technologies for the Identification and Quantification of Dietary Phenolic Compound Metabolites: An Overview.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- A systematic review to identify biomarkers of intake for fermented food products.Genes & nutrition · 2021Review
- Methylxanthines Inhibit Primary Amine Oxidase and Monoamine Oxidase Activities of Human Adipose Tissue.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Cocoa, Chocolate, and Human Health.Nutrients · 2020Article
- (-)-Epicatechin Reduces the Blood Pressure of Young Borderline Hypertensive Rats During the Post-Treatment Period.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- 5-(Hydroxyphenyl)-γ-Valerolactone-Sulfate, a Key Microbial Metabolite of Flavan-3-ols, Is Able to Reach the Brain: Evidence from Different inNutrients · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cocoa is continuously drawing attention due to growing scientific evidence suggesting its effects on health. Flavanols and methylxanthines are some of the most important bioactive compounds present in cocoa. Other important bioactives, such as phenolic acids and lactones, are derived from microbial metabolism. The identification of the metabolites produced after cocoa intake is a first step to understand the overall effect on human health. In general, after cocoa intake, methylxanthines show high absorption and elimination efficiencies. Catechins are transformed mainly into sulfate and glucuronide conjugates. Metabolism of procyanidins is highly influenced by the polymerization degree, which hinders their absorption. The polymerization degree over three units leads to biotransformation by the colonic microbiota, resulting in valerolactones and phenolic acids, with higher excretion times. Long term intervention studies, as well as untargeted metabolomic approaches, are scarce. Contradictory results have been reported concerning matrix effects and health impact, and there are still scientific gaps that have to be addresed to understand the influence of cocoa intake on health. This review addresses different cocoa clinical studies, summarizes the different methodologies employed as well as the metabolites that have been identified in plasma and urine after cocoa intake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.