Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31137565›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2019

Integrated Forming and Surface Engineering of Disc Springs by Inducing Residual Stresses by Incremental Sheet Forming.

Ramin Hajavifard, Fawad Maqbool, Anke Schmiedt-Kalenborn, Johannes Buhl, Markus Bambach, Frank Walther

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ramin HajavifardDepartment of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. ramin.hajavifard@tu-dortmund.de.
Fawad MaqboolChair of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany. fawad.maqbool@b-tu.de.
Anke Schmiedt-KalenbornDepartment of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. anke.schmiedt@tu-dortmund.de.
Johannes BuhlChair of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany. johannes.buhl@b-tu.de.
Markus BambachChair of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 17, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany. bambach@b-tu.de.
Frank WaltherDepartment of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, Baroper Str. 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. frank.walther@tu-dortmund.de.

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 'WA 1672/31-1' and 'BA 4253/6-1'
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Disc springs are conical annular discs, which are characterized by a high spring force with a small spring travel and good space utilization. In operation, they must meet high demands on the stability of the spring characteristic and the fatigue strength. Under loading, tensile stresses occur which limit the possible applications of disc springs. Compressive stresses can be generated in the stressed areas by means of shot-peening in order to extend the operating limits for a given yield and fatigue strength. Since the spring geometry and characteristics change during shot-peening, the design of the shot-peening treatment is iterative and cumbersome. The present research proposes an incremental forming process for forming and integrated targeted adjustment of residual stresses in disc springs from metastable austenitic stainless steel (MASS), to achieve improved spring properties and high cyclic strength. The main mechanism of residual stress generation is the transformation of metastable austenite into martensite under the action of the forming tool. Different experimental characterization techniques like the hole drilling method, X-ray diffraction, disc compression tests, optical microscopy and cyclic tests are used to correlate the residual stresses and disc spring properties. A numerical model is developed for simulating the martensite transformation in disc springs manufacturing. The results prove that incremental forming enables process-integrated engineering of the desired compressive residual stresses, entailing a higher spring force of metastable austenitic disc springs in comparison to conventional disc springs. Due to martensite formation, the generated residual stresses are stable under cyclic loading, which is not the case for conventionally manufactured springs.

Indexed as

disc springincremental sheet formingmetastable austenitic stainless steel (MASS), martensite transformationnumerical modellingresidual stress adjustment

Identifiers

PMID31137565
PMCPMC6567296

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.