ArticleJournal of neuroimmunology2019
Imiquimod and interferon-alpha augment monocyte-mediated astrocyte secretion of MCP-1, IL-6 and IP-10 in a human co-culture system.
Article in Journal of neuroimmunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- ΔJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Repeated TLR7 activation induces cell type- and brain region-specific transcriptome changes in male mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Breaking down the cellular responses to type I interferon neurotoxicity in the brain.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Cannabinoids as Glial Cell Modulators in Ischemic Stroke: Implications for Neuroprotection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Multifactorial expression of IL-6 with update on COVID-19 and the therapeutic strategies of its blockade (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Targeting Cannabinoid Receptor 2 on Peripheral Leukocytes to Attenuate Inflammatory Mechanisms Implicated in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Role of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in voluntary alcohol consumption.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Article
- Molecular Effects of FDA-Approved Multiple Sclerosis Drugs on Glial Cells and Neurons of the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Immunological effects of adjuvants in subsets of antigen presenting cells of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- ΔThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-activation has been implicated as a significant mechanism of neuroinflammation triggered by ssRNA viruses. Infiltration of monocytes into the brain and astrocyte activation occurs during in vivo TLR7-mediated neuroinflammation. The objective here was to determine whether the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, and interferon-alpha (IFN-α), promote monocyte-mediated astrocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Using a human primary co-culture system, we demonstrate that monocytes, together with imiquimod and IFN-α, promote astrocyte secretion of MCP-1, IL-6 and IP-10. Furthermore, TLR7-induced monocyte-derived IL-1β is critical for promoting the astrocyte response. Overall, this study provides a potential mechanism for TLR7-mediated neuroinflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.