ArticleAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2019
Miscarriage among women in the United States Women's Interagency HIV Study, 1994-2017.
Article in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabis Use in Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Pooled it
- Risk assessment of drug-associated miscarriage using XGBoost and SHAP explainability: a real-world pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FAERS database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Abortion and its association with antiretroviral therapy among young women living with HIV in northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Interpregnancy Interval After Healthy Live Birth and Subsequent Spontaneous Abortion.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Challenges, risks, and opportunities of antiretroviral drugs in women of reproductive potential.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2024Review
- Antiretroviral Therapy and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in People Living with HIV.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Review
- Preventing HIV and achieving pregnancy among HIV sero-different couples: Pilot study of a safer conception intervention in Zimbabwe.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRelatively little is known about the frequency and factors associated with miscarriage among women living with HIV.
objectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate factors associated with miscarriage among women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. STUDY
designWe conducted an analysis of longitudinal data collected from Oct. 1, 1994, to Sept. 30, 2017. Women who attended at least 2 Women's Interagency HIV Study visits and reported pregnancy during follow-up were included. Miscarriage was defined as spontaneous loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation based on self-report assessed at biannual visits. We modeled the association between demographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates and miscarriage (vs live birth) for women overall and stratified by HIV status using mixed-model logistic regression.
resultsSimilar proportions of women living with and without HIV experienced miscarriage (37% and 39%, respectively, P = .638). In adjusted analyses, smoking tobacco (adjusted odds ratio, 2.0), alcohol use (adjusted odds ratio, 4.0), and marijuana use (adjusted odds ratio, 2.0) were associated with miscarriage. Among women living with HIV, low HIV viral load (<4 log10 copies/mL) (adjusted odds ratio, 0.5) and protease inhibitor (adjusted odds ratio, 0.4) vs the nonuse of combination antiretroviral therapy use were protective against miscarriage.
conclusionWe did not find an increased odds of miscarriage among women living with HIV compared with uninfected women; however, poorly controlled HIV infection was associated with increased miscarriage risk. Higher miscarriage risk among women exposed to tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana highlight potentially modifiable behaviors. Given previous concern about antiretroviral therapy and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the novel protective association between protease inhibitors compared with non-combination antiretroviral therapy and miscarriage in this study is reassuring.
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