Observational studyThe American journal of clinical nutrition2019
Maternal, but not paternal or grandparental, caffeine intake is associated with childhood obesity and adiposity: The Lifeways Cross-Generation Cohort Study.
Observational study in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy with low birth weight, childhood overweight, and obesity: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal nutritional imbalance during pregnancy and the development of fetal-origin cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Maternal Caffeine Consumption and Pregnancy Outcomes.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Pregnancy and Caffeine Metabolism: Updated Insights and Implications for Maternal-Fetal Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Impact of tea and coffee consumption during pregnancy on children's cognitive development.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary intake with overweight and obesity among U.S. children: findings from NHANES.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Is it caffeine? Coffee consumption and future risk of type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Article
- Prenatal caffeine exposure: association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in 9- to 11-year-old children.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
- Associations of prenatal metabolomics profiles with early childhood growth trajectories and obesity risk in African Americans: the CANDLE study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Article
- Maternal caffeine consumption and pregnancy outcomes: a narrative review with implications for advice to mothers and mothers-to-be.BMJ evidence-based medicine · 2021Review
- Associations of maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy with abdominal and liver fat deposition in childhood.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
- Caffeine Intake During Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2020Article
- Life-course approaches to investigate adverse effects of caffeine.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
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6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMaternal caffeine intake is associated with adverse birth outcomes, but its long-term influence on offspring adiposity outcomes is not well studied. Furthermore, few studies have investigated paternal and grandparental caffeine intake in relation to offspring outcomes.
objectiveTo study the associations between maternal, paternal, and grandparental caffeine intake and offspring childhood adiposity.
designThe core study sample consists of 558 mother-child pairs from the Lifeways Study. Caffeine intake was derived from relevant food items in a self-administered validated food frequency questionnaire in early pregnancy. Children's body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured at 5- and 9-y follow-up. Childhood overall and central obesity were defined as age- and sex-specific BMI z-score > International Obesity Task Force cut-off and WC z-score > 90th percentile, respectively. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were used to assess associations.
resultsStudy mothers had a mean age of 30.8 y and a mean prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) of 23.7. In adjusted models, maternal caffeine intake was associated with a higher offspring BMI z-score [β (95% CI): 0.13 (0.06, 0.21) for year 5 and 0.17 (0.04, 0.29) for year 9; per 100 mg/d increment in maternal caffeine intake], WC z-score [β (95% CI): 0.09 (0.01, 0.17) for year 5 and 0.19 (0.05, 0.32) for year 9], and a higher risk of offspring overall obesity [OR (95% CI): 1.32 (1.11, 1.57) for year 5 and 1.44 (1.10, 1.88) for year 9] and central obesity [1.28 (1.02, 1.60) for year 5 and 1.62 (1.12, 2.34) for year 9]. The influence was stronger for coffee caffeine than tea caffeine. No consistent associations were observed for paternal and grandparental caffeine intake.
conclusionsMaternal antenatal, but not paternal or grandparental, caffeine intake is associated with higher offspring adiposity and obesity risk at age 5 and 9 y, with stronger associations observed for coffee caffeine. This prospective observational study was registered at the ISRCTN Registry as ISRCTN16537904.
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