Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31134619›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of surgery2019

Predicting reamputation risk in patients undergoing lower extremity amputation due to the complications of peripheral artery disease and/or diabetes.

J M Czerniecki, M L Thompson, A J Littman, E J Boyko, G J Landry, W G Henderson, A P Turner, C Maynard, K P Moore, D C Norvell

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of surgery, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Risk Prediction Tools Used to Estimate Mortality, Morbidity, and Other Outcomes Following Major Lower Limb Amputation.European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery · 2021
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Lower extremity amputations in Switzerland: Trends in patients with and without diabetes, 2013-2023.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Article
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  7. Article
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  10. AMPREDICT Mobility-4: A Novel Four Category Mobility Outcome Prediction Model for Patients Undergoing Vascular Amputation.European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery · 2025
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  11. Article
  12. AMPREDICT MoRe: Predicting Mortality and Re-amputation Risk after Dysvascular Amputation.European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery · 2025
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  13. Review
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  17. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

J M CzernieckiVeterans Affairs (VA) Center for Limb Loss and Mobility (CLiMB), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
M L ThompsonDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Portland, Oregon, USA.
A J LittmanCenter for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
E J BoykoEpidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
G J LandryDepartment of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
W G HendersonAdult and Child Consortium for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
A P TurnerRehabilitation Care Services, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
C MaynardHealth Services Research and Development, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
K P MooreEpidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.
D C NorvellVeterans Affairs (VA) Center for Limb Loss and Mobility (CLiMB), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4386-2677
University of Washington · USVA Puget Sound Health Care System · USHealth Services Research & Development · USOregon Health & Science University · USOutcomes Research Consortium · US

Funding

RRD VA I01 RX001474
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients undergoing amputation of the lower extremity for the complications of peripheral artery disease and/or diabetes are at risk of treatment failure and the need for reamputation at a higher level. The aim of this study was to develop a patient-specific reamputation risk prediction model.

methodsPatients with incident unilateral transmetatarsal, transtibial or transfemoral amputation between 2004 and 2014 secondary to diabetes and/or peripheral artery disease, and who survived 12 months after amputation, were identified using Veterans Health Administration databases. Procedure codes and natural language processing were used to define subsequent ipsilateral reamputation at the same or higher level. Stepdown logistic regression was used to develop the prediction model. It was then evaluated for calibration and discrimination by evaluating the goodness of fit, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and discrimination slope.

resultsSome 5260 patients were identified, of whom 1283 (24·4 per cent) underwent ipsilateral reamputation in the 12 months after initial amputation. Crude reamputation risks were 40·3, 25·9 and 9·7 per cent in the transmetatarsal, transtibial and transfemoral groups respectively. The final prediction model included 11 predictors (amputation level, sex, smoking, alcohol, rest pain, use of outpatient anticoagulants, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, white blood cell count, kidney failure and previous revascularization), along with four interaction terms. Evaluation of the prediction characteristics indicated good model calibration with goodness-of-fit testing, good discrimination (AUC 0·72) and a discrimination slope of 11·2 per cent.

conclusionA prediction model was developed to calculate individual risk of primary healing failure and the need for reamputation surgery at each amputation level. This model may assist clinical decision-making regarding amputation-level selection.

Indexed as

Risk AssessmentAgedAmputation, SurgicalClinical Decision-MakingDiabetic AngiopathiesFemaleHumansLegMaleMiddle AgedModels, StatisticalPeripheral Arterial DiseaseReoperationRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID31134619
PMCPMC11647969
OpenAlexW2947691792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.