ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Imprinting and Editing of the Human CD4 T Cell Response to Influenza Virus.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epitope-spanning antigenic variation reprograms immunodominance and broadens immunity in sequential influenza vaccination.Nature communications · 2026Article
- T Cell Responses to Influenza Infections in Cattle.Viruses · 2025Review
- Development of Influenza-Specific CD4 T Cell-Mediated Immunity in Children Following Inactivated Influenza Vaccination.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- A Complementary Union of SARS-CoV2 Natural and Vaccine Induced Immune Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The role of cell-mediated immunity against influenza and its implications for vaccine evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Influenza immune escape under heterogeneous host immune histories.Trends in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- Functional characterization of CD4+ T cell receptors crossreactive for SARS-CoV-2 and endemic coronaviruses.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce broad CD4+ T cell responses that recognize SARS-CoV-2 variants and HCoV-NL63.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- The Chemokine Receptor CCR5 Links Memory CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- The Effects of Imprinting and Repeated Seasonal Influenza Vaccination on Adaptive Immunity after Influenza Vaccination.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Age-Dependent Differences in T-Cell Responses to Influenza A Virus.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2020Review
- Beyond clinical trials: Evolutionary and epidemiological considerations for development of a universal influenza vaccine.PLoS pathogens · 2020Review
- Article
- Adenoviral Vectors as Vaccines for Emerging Avian Influenza Viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Recombinant HA-based vaccine outperforms split and subunit vaccines in elicitation of influenza-specific CD4 T cells and CD4 T cell-dependent antibody responses in humans.NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Vaccines to Prevent Infectious Diseases in the Older Population: Immunological Challenges and Future Perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunity to influenza is unique among pathogens, in that immune memory is established both via intermittent lung localized infections with highly variable influenza virus strains and by intramuscular vaccinations with inactivated protein-based vaccines. Studies in the past decades have suggested that the B cell responses to influenza infection and vaccination are highly biased by an individual's early history of influenza infection. This reactivity likely reflects both the competitive advantage that memory B cells have in an immune response and the relatively limited diversity of epitopes in influenza hemagglutinin that are recognized by B cells. In contrast, CD4 T cells recognize a wide array of epitopes, with specificities that are heavily influenced by the diversity of influenza antigens available, and a multiplicity of functions that are determined by both priming events and subsequent confrontations with antigens. Here, we consider the events that prime and remodel the influenza-specific CD4 T cell response in humans that have highly diverse immune histories and how the CD4 repertoire may be edited in terms of functional potential and viral epitope specificity. We discuss the consequences that imprinting and remodeling may have on the potential of different human hosts to rapidly respond with protective cellular immunity to infection. Finally, these issues are discussed in the context of future avenues of investigation and vaccine strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.