ArticleBMJ open2019
Socioeconomic and ethnic differences in children's vigorous intensity physical activity: a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of family socioeconomic indicators and physical activity of primary school-aged children: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Socioeconomic position, built environment and physical activity among children and adolescents: a systematic review of mediating and moderating effects.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Pooled it
- Children's Voices in Physical Activity Research: A Qualitative Review and Synthesis of UK Children's Perspectives.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Physical activity in early childhood: a five-year longitudinal analysis of patterns and correlates.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Trial
- "We were all together"- families' experiences of the health-promoting programme - A Healthy Generation.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the GoActive intervention to increase physical activity among UK adolescents: A cluster randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2020Trial
- A comparative analysis of objectively assessed physical activity levels in kindergarten and home among children aged 5 to 6.PloS one · 2026Article
- Primary school physical activity culture in the UK: findings from a four-month rapid ethnography in three schools.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Parental/Guardian-Child Physical Activity in Relation to Racial/Ethnic Inequities in the Americas: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring meso- and macro-level contextual factors associated with inequalities in program adoption during statewide scale-up of TransformUs Primary, a whole-school physical activity intervention.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- The association between learning models and child health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- "We just have to work with what we've got": a qualitative analysis of contextual challenges in facilities and resources for pupil physical activity in English primary schools.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Parental use of routines, setting limits, and child screen use during COVID-19: findings from a large Canadian cohort study.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Parents' attitudes regarding their children's play during COVID-19: Impact of socioeconomic status and urbanicity.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- The status of active after-school clubs among primary school children in England (UK) after the COVD-19 lockdowns: implications for policy and practice.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- Inequalities in Childhood Nutrition, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Obesity in Italy.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Physical activity and TV viewing parenting practices for toddlers among South Asian and white families in the UK: born in Bradford 1000 study.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate if daily vigorous physical activity (VPA), adjusted for minutes of moderate physical activity (MPA) performed, differs by socioeconomic position or ethnicity in a large sample of UK children with objectively measured physical activity.
designNationally representative prospective cohort study.
settingUK children born between 2000 and 2002.
participants5172 children aged 7-8 with valid accelerometer data for ≥10 hour on ≥3 days, including 1 weekend day.
main outcome measuresTime spent in VPA (>3841 counts per min). EXPLANATORY MEASURES: Maternal education, annual household Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development equivalised income, ethnicity.
resultsMultivariable linear regression models fitted to explore differences in average daily minutes of VPA (adjusted for MPA, mean accelerometer wear time, season of measurement, age and sex), revealed significantly higher amounts of VPA accumulated as a child's socioeconomic position increased (highest vs lowest level of maternal education: β: 2.96, p: 0.00; annual household equivalised income: β: 0.58, p: 0.00, per £10 000 annual increase). Additionally, children from certain minority ethnicities (Bangladeshi and Pakistani: β: -3.34, p: 0.00; other ethnic groups: β:-2.27, p: 0.02) accrued less daily VPA compared with their white British counterparts.
conclusionsThe socioeconomic and ethnic patterning of vigorous activity observed in this study mirrors parallel inequalities in rates of childhood obesity. Given the stronger association of VPA with adiposity than of MPA, intensity specific differences may be contributing to widening inequalities in obesity. Accordingly, these findings suggest that the current global focus on overall moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity may mask important behavioural inequalities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.