ArticleOphthalmology. Retina2019
Real-World Trends in Intravitreal Injection Practices among American Retina Specialists.
Article in Ophthalmology. Retina, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05832996 (Randomized Controlled Study of Cooled Versus Room-Temperature Artificial Tears for Reducing Surface Irritation Following Intravitreal Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Controlled Study of Cooled Versus Room-Temperature Artificial Tears for Reducing Surface Irritation Following Intravitreal Injection
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long term evaluation of the safety and efficacy of local cooling anesthesia during intravitreal injections: The COOL-2 Trial.PloS one · 2026Trial
- The effect of punctal plugs in reducing ocular surface irritation after povidone-iodine preparation of intravitreal injection-a randomized trial.Eye (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Cooling Anesthesia for Intravitreal Injection: Results of the Prospective Open-Label, Dose-Ranging COOL-1 Trial.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Trial
- The Evaluation initiative: management of rhinitis by Italian otorhinolaryngologists.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating the effectiveness of different topical anesthetic methods in reducing pain during intravitreal injections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Review
- Effects of preoperative topical levofloxacin on conjunctival microbiome in patients undergoing intravitreal injections.PloS one · 2025Article
- Backflow reduction in local injection therapy with gelatin formulations.Drug delivery · 2024Article
- Early adoption of triamcinolone acetonide suprachoroidal injection for uveitic macular edema: a physician survey.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Greener intravitreal injections: a narrative review.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Feasibility demonstration of a device for vitreous liquid biopsy incidental to intravitreal injection.PloS one · 2024Article
- Intravitreal injection practice patterns among Chinese ophthalmologists.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The effect of ocular rinse volume on surface irritation after povidone-iodine preparation for intravitreal injections: a randomized controlled trial.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2023Article
- Topical Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Intravitreal Injections: Impact on the Incidence of Acute Endophthalmitis-A Nationwide Study in France from 2009 to 2018.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Preventive factors, diagnosis, and management of injection-related endophthalmitis: a literature review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Review
- Anxiety and pain perception using a speculum-free eyelid retraction technique for intravitreal injection.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Container Closure and Delivery Considerations for Intravitreal Drug Administration.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2021Review
- Survey of Intravitreal Injection Techniques Among Retina Specialists in Mexico.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Randomized Controlled Study of Cooled vs Room-Temperature Artificial Tears for Reducing Ocular Surface Irritation After Intravitreal Injection.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
- From the Editor-in-Chief.Journal of vitreoretinal diseasesArticle
- Iatrogenic Retinal Penetration from Intravitreal Injections.Case reports in ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo analyze practice patterns used for intravitreal injections (IVIs) by retinal specialists in the United States.
designCross-sectional online survey.
participantsRetina specialists in the United States who responded to a web-based survey.
methodsRetinal specialists in the United States were contacted via e-mail to complete a web-based, anonymous, 24-question survey. Multivariate analysis was performed on a selected question of interest focused on choice of anesthetic used for IVI.
main outcome measuresDifferences in IVI practices, such as antibiotic preferences, and different odds of anesthetic use by demographic variables with 95% confidence intervals.
resultsA total of 281 retinal specialists responded to the survey (17% response rate). Respondents' average age was 53 years, with an average of 20 years in practice. Respondents practiced in 42 states, with 90% practicing in an urban or suburban area. For anesthesia, 14% used a topical anesthetic with cotton swab compression, 27% used a subconjunctival anesthetic, and 31% used an anesthetic gel. Age, gender, geographic location, and practice setting did not seem to impact choice of anesthetic for IVI significantly. Sixty-six percent of respondents always use a lid speculum, 21% administer topical antibiotics before injection, 36% wear a mask, 73% wear gloves, and 45% always dilate the eyes before injection. Most respondents use a 30-gauge needle and inject in the inferior temporal quadrant (70%). Forty-five percent always perform bilateral injections the same day if indicated. After the injection, 14% administer post operative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 28% administer postoperative antibiotics, and 31% routinely check intraocular pressure after injection.
conclusionsThis study provided real-world trends in practices for IVI among retina specialists in the United States. In addition, age, gender, practice type, and geographic location did not influence anesthetic choice for IVI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.