Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31131500›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2019

Flexible and efficient optimization of quantitative sequences using automatic differentiation of Bloch simulations.

Philip K Lee, Lauren E Watkins, Timothy I Anderson, Guido Buonincontri, Brian A Hargreaves

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. "MR Fingerprinting for Imaging Brain Hemodynamics and Oxygenation".Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Cramér-Rao Bound Optimized Subspace Reconstruction in Quantitative MRI.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Philip K LeeRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Lauren E WatkinsRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Timothy I AndersonElectrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Guido BuonincontriIRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy.
Brian A HargreavesRadiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Funding

Training and DisseminationP41EB015891 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GLOVER, GARY H · 2012 to 2019
$10.7M
Quantitative 3D Diffusion and Relaxometry MRI of the KneeR01AR063643 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HARGREAVES, BRIAN ANDREW · 2013 to 2017
$2.5M
MRI near Total Joint replacementsR01EB017739 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HARGREAVES, BRIAN ANDREW · 2014 to 2018
$2.4M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR063643NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015891NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB017739
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate a computationally efficient method for optimizing the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) of quantitative sequences without using approximations or an analytical expression of the signal.

methodsAutomatic differentiation was applied to Bloch simulations and used to optimize several quantitative sequences without the need for approximations or an analytical expression. The results were validated with in vivo measurements and comparisons to prior art. Multi-echo spin echo and DESPO

resultsThe sequence parameters obtained for multi-echo spin echo and DESPO

conclusionsAutomatic differentiation can be used to optimize the CRLB of quantitative sequences without using approximations or analytical expressions. For MRF, the runtime is computationally efficient and can be used to investigate confounding factors as well as MRF sequences with a greater number of repetitions.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsBrainComputer SimulationHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance Imagingautomatic differentiationCramér-Rao lower boundmagnetic resonance fingerprintingoptimal experiment designquantitative imaging

Identifiers

PMID31131500
PMCPMC8057531

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.