ArticleChild development perspectives2019
Early relational experience: A foundation for the unfolding dynamics of parent-child socialization.
Article in Child development perspectives, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Online Behavioral Parenting Interventions on Child Outcomes, Parenting Ability and Parent Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Long-term legacy of parents' secure base script knowledge: Cascading implications for family relationships and children's positive development.Developmental psychology · 2026Article
- Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems - precursors, outcomes, and etiology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Review
- Commentary: An impressive state-of-the-science account and an exciting springboard for new paths: the present and future of research on early conduct problems - a commentary on Hyde et al. (2025).Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Equifinality and multifinality in developmental paths to a hostile mindset: A longitudinal study of mother-child and father-child dyads from toddler to early school age.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- A Verbal Behavior Analysis of Theory of Mind: Conceptual and Applied Implications.Perspectives on behavior science · 2026Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Increase Peer Victimization among Early Adolescents: the Longitudinal Mediating Roles of Executive Function and Social Anxiety.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Distinct cascades for secure and insecure infants from early anger dysregulation to mothers' and fathers' power-assertive control at toddler age to externalizing outcomes at preschool age: a replication.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Intergenerational links between parental trauma-related distress and child maladaptive emotion regulation: The role of emotion socialization.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Do psychological flexibility and interparental mutually responsive orientation reduce postpartum parenting stress and coparenting difficulties?Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2025Article
- Children's representations of parents account for multifinality in outcomes of parental control: Evidence from two studies.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Taking theory of mind research into much needed new terrain - a commentary on Kochanska et al. (2025).Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Multifinality in pathways from early ecological adversity to children's future self-regulation: Elucidating mechanisms, moderators, and their developmental timing.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Early Mother-Child Interaction Flexibility Predicts Adolescent Psychological Adjustment.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2025Article
- Adverse childhood experiences and subsequent experiences of intimate partner violence in adulthood: a gender perspective.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- The Role of Affects and Emotional Styles in the Relationship Between Parents and Preschool Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of the Culturally Affirming and Responsive Experiences (CARE) Measure: Observing Responsiveness and Ethnic-Racial Cultural Socialization in Mother-Child Interactions.Journal of family issues · 2024Article
- Dimensions of Parenting and Children's Conduct Problems: The Importance of Considering Children's Callous-Unemotional Traits.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Parent-Child Relationship Buffers the Impact of Maternal Psychological Control on Aggression in Temperamentally Surgent Children.Social development (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- The parent's and the child's internal working models of each other moderate cascades from child difficulty to socialization outcomes: Preliminary evidence for dual moderation?Development and psychopathology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Psychologists have long tried to understand why trajectories of socialization in individual parent-child dyads can be distinct, leading to adaptive or maladaptive developmental outcomes. In this article, we elucidate origins of those differences by examining the subtle yet enduring implications of early parent-child relationships in longitudinal studies of low- and high-risk families, using correlational and experimental designs, and multiple measures. Those relationships are key for socialization because they can alter cascades from children's biologically based difficult temperament to parents' negative control to negative children's outcomes, as demonstrated by social-learning theories. We suggest that those cascades unfold only in parent-child dyads whose early relationships lack positive mutuality and security. Such relationships set the tone for adversarial cascades. In contrast, early mutually positive, secure relationships initiate cooperative, effective socialization and defuse risks of negative cascades. Parents' and children's internal representations of each other may explain how such divergent sequelae unfold.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.