ReviewCytokine2020
Coordination between innate immune cells, type I IFNs and IRF5 drives SLE pathogenesis.
Review in Cytokine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04558814 (Evaluation of Serum Galectin-9 Level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and it's Association With Disease Activity and Organ Damage), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Serum Galectin-9 Level in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and it's Association With Disease Activity and Organ Damage
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic Polymorphisms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Their Clinical Implications: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in pregnancy complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Type I Interferon Axis in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: From Molecular Pathways to Targeted Therapy.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Exploring neutrophil extracellular traps: mechanisms of immune regulation and future therapeutic potential.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- MiR-223 within neutrophil axis promotes Th17 expansion by PI3K-AKT pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- IRF5 Controls Plasma Cell Generation and Antibody Production via Distinct Mechanisms Depending on the Antigenic Trigger.Immunology · 2025Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 5: a potential target for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Recent Advances of Type I Interferon on the Regulation of Immune Cells and the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- IRF5 as a potential immunological biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Cutting Edge: TLR2 Signaling in B Cells Promotes Autoreactivity to DNA via IL-6 Secretion.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Genetic Reduction of IRF5 Expression after Disease Initiation Reduces Disease in a Mouse Lupus Model by Impacting Systemic and End-Organ Pathogenic Pathways.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Genetic association between theExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- The effect of prolactin on immune cell subsets involved in SLE pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- microRNA-144/451 decreases dendritic cell bioactivityFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Screening Biomarkers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Machine Learning and Exploring Their Expression Correlations With the Ratios of Various Immune Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease antagonizes interferon-beta production by facilitating the degradation of IRF3.Cytokine · 2021Article
- Review
- Monoallelic IRF5 deficiency in B cells prevents murine lupus.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Emerging roles of circular RNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease which affects multiple organs. The type I interferon (IFN) gene signature and circulating autoantibodies are hallmarks of SLE. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are considered the main producers of type I IFN and production is modulated by multiple other immune cell types. In SLE, essentially every immune cell type is dysregulated and aberrant deregulation is thought to be due, in part, to direct or indirect exposure to IFN. Genetic variants within or around the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) associate with SLE risk. Elevated IFNα activity was detected in the sera of SLE patients carrying IRF5 risk polymorphisms who were positive for either anti-RNA binding protein (anti-RBP) or anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) autoantibodies. Neutrophils are also an important source of type I IFNs and are found in abundance in human blood. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are considered a potential source of antigenic trigger in SLE that can lead to type I IFN gene induction, as well as increased autoantibody production. In this review, we will focus on immune cell types that produce type I IFNs and/or are affected by type I IFN in SLE. In addition, we will discuss potential inducers of endogenous type I IFN production in SLE. Last, we will postulate how the different immune cell populations may be affected by an IRF5-SLE risk haplotype.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.