ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2019
Past and Recent Salted Fish and Preserved Food Intakes Are Weakly Associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Risk in Adults in Southern China.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Soy Product Consumption and the Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Salted fish and processed foods intake and nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Pooled it
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors, signaling pathways, clinical features, diagnosis, and management.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus-Mediated Apoptosis Evasion in Epithelial Malignancies: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Biology · 2026Review
- Hierarchical dynamic model for risk-stratified screening of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Achieving control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: the role of Epstein-Barr virus-based screening and vaccines.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
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- An update on the incidence rates of early onset vs late onset colon cancer among Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Asian-American/Pacific Islanders in the United States.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current insights and future outlook.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Value of Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Various Stages.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Understanding exposomes and its relation with cancer risk in Malaysia based on epidemiological evidence: a narrative review.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2024Review
- Feature Reviews of the Molecular Mechanisms of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- Current cancer burden in China: epidemiology, etiology, and prevention.Cancer biology & medicine · 2022Review
- A novel causal model for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2022Article
- Consumption of processed food and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational cancer research · 2022Article
- Influence of Salting Technology on the Diffusion of NaCl in Swordfish (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Burden of All Cancers Along With Attributable Risk Factors in China From 1990 to 2019: Comparison With Japan, European Union, and USA.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Do Epstein-Barr Virus Mutations and Natural Genome Sequence Variations Contribute to Disease?Biomolecules · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChinese-style salted fish intake in early life is considered an established risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, results for adult intakes of salted fish and preserved foods are inconsistent.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to ascertain the relations of Chinese-style hard and soft salted fish and preserved food intakes with NPC risk.
methodsWe conducted a population-based case-control study in southern China with 2554 NPC cases identified through a rapid case ascertainment system and 2648 healthy controls, frequency-matched on age, sex, and area. Subjects (aged 20-74 y) were interviewed via a food-frequency questionnaire, including information on portion size. Data were also collected on alcohol consumption and potential confounders. Food intake was grouped into 3-5 energy-adjusted intake levels during adulthood (10 y prior) and adolescence (16-18 y). For childhood (at age 10 y), intake frequency of selected food items was collected. Multivariate-adjusted ORs with 95% CIs were estimated via logistic regression.
resultsWe found no association between NPC and intake of hard Chinese-style salted fish during adulthood, and an increased risk at the highest level of intake during adolescence (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.39). In contrast, we found a decreased risk for the middle intake level of soft salted fish during adulthood (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.81) and adolescence (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.85). Preserved foods showed contrasting risk profiles, e.g., the highest adult intake level of salted egg (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.87) and fermented black beans (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.80). Associations with NPC were weaker than previously reported, e.g., for weekly childhood intake of salted fish (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.97).
conclusionsHard and soft salted fish have different risk profiles. Salted fish and other preserved foods were at most weak risk factors for NPC in all periods and may play a smaller role in NPC occurrence than previously thought.
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