ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2019
The blood-brain barrier as an endocrine tissue.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Oxytocin Affects Barriergenesis in the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier In Vitro Monoculture Transwell Models.Developmental neurobiology · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of Ethiopian Coffee Beans against Hyperglycemia-induced Brain Injury in Rats.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Recent advances in self-assembled nanoplatforms for central nervous system disorders therapy: Design principles, multifunctional strategies, and therapeutic applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- The role of tanycytes in the regulation of energy balance.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Strategies for blood-brain barrier rejuvenation and repair.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Tanycytic degeneration impairs tau clearance and contributes to Alzheimer's disease pathology.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for incident dementia: A retrospective multicohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Circular RNA PTPN4 Contributes to Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption during Early Epileptogenesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- The liver-brain axis, from its function to preventive therapeutic strategies in diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Leptin and inflammatory pathways in the Alzheimer's disease continuum: Implications for glial activation and neuropsychiatric symptoms.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and Transport of Major Hormones are Unchanged in Mice With Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemia.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Novel Insights into the Mechanism and Treatment of Diabetes-Related Brain Complications: Focusing on the Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Long-Acting Human PASylated Leptin Reaches the Murine Central Nervous System and Offers Potential for Optimized Replacement Therapy.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Development of a brain-penetrant G9a methylase inhibitor to target Alzheimer's disease-associated proteopathology.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Interaction Between Neutrophils and Elements of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Context of Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology Driven Lipid and Metalloid Based Formulations Targeting Blood-Brain Barrier (3B) for Brain Tumor.Indian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Understanding glucose metabolism and insulin action at the blood-brain barrier: Implications for brain health and neurodegenerative diseases.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic analysis of coxsackievirus B3 infection in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain-like endothelial cells.Journal of virology · 2025Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) was first noted for its ability to prevent the unregulated exchange of substances between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS). Over time, its characterization as an interface that enables regulated exchanges between the CNS and substances that are carried in the blood in a hormone-like fashion have emerged. Therefore, communication between the CNS, BBB and peripheral tissues has many endocrine-like properties. In this Review, I examine the various ways in which the BBB exhibits endocrine-related properties. The BBB is a target for hormones, such as leptin and insulin, that affect many of its functions. The BBB is also a secretory body, releasing substances either into the blood or the interstitial fluid of the brain. The BBB selectively allows classical and non-classical hormones entry to and exit from the CNS, thus allowing the CNS to be both an endocrine target and a secretory tissue. The BBB is affected by endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus and can cause or participate in endocrine diseases, including those related to thyroid hormones and obesity. The endocrine-like mechanisms of the BBB can extend the definition of endocrine disease to include neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer disease, and of hormones to include cytokines, triglycerides and fatty acids.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31127254What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.