ArticleTranslational psychiatry2019
Microglia in post-mortem brain tissue of patients with bipolar disorder are not immune activated.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodal microglial and kynurenine pathway alterations across the affective-psychosis spectrum: a systematic review of patterns, heterogeneity, and dimensional implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Biomarkers of Bipolar Disorder in Late Life: An Evidence-Based Systematic Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Pooled it
- Glial Cell Abnormalities in Major Psychiatric Diseases: A Systematic Review of Postmortem Brain Studies.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Genetic analysis of the human microglial transcriptome across brain regions, aging and disease pathologies.Nature genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Choroid plexus inflammation in bipolar disorder.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Flavonoids as Modulators of Neuroinflammation in Affective Disorders: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Premature aging in serious mental illness.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Microglia contribute to bipolar depression through Serinc2-dependent phospholipid synthesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Glioinflammation: disease-associated microglia and astrocytes in psychiatric disorders, neurodegeneration, and senescence.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Magnetic resonance imaging of postmortem human brain specimens: methodological considerations and prospects in psychoradiology.Psychoradiology · 2025Article
- Application of anFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Microglia-neuron interactions in schizophrenia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Limited Effects of Class II Transactivator-Based Immunotherapy in Murine and Human Glioblastoma.Cancers · 2023Article
- Infections, Inflammation, and Psychiatric Illness: Review of Postmortem Evidence.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022Review
- Contribution of Age, Brain Region, Mood Disorder Pathology, and Interindividual Factors on the Methylome of Human Microglia.Biological psychiatry · 2022Article
- Human microglial models to study HIV infection and neuropathogenesis: a literature overview and comparative analyses.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Markers in Substance Use and Mood Disorders: A Neuroimaging Perspective.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Genetic, epidemiological, and biomarker studies suggest that the immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). It has therefore been hypothesized that immune activation of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, is associated with the disease. Only a few studies have addressed the involvement of microglia in BD so far and a more detailed immune profiling of microglial activation is lacking. Here, we applied a multi-level approach to determine the activation state of microglia in BD post-mortem brain tissue. We did not find differences in microglial density, and mRNA expression of microglial markers in the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) of patients with BD. Furthermore, we performed in-depth characterization of human primary microglia isolated from fresh brain tissue of the MFG, superior temporal gyrus (STG), and thalamus (THA). Similarly, these ex vivo isolated microglia did not show elevated expression of inflammatory markers. Finally, challenging the isolated microglia with LPS did not result in an increased immune response in patients with BD compared to controls. In conclusion, our study shows that microglia in post-mortem brain tissue of patients with BD are not immune activated.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.