ArticleThe Lancet. Child & adolescent health2019
Association between fat mass through adolescence and arterial stiffness: a population-based study from The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.
Article in The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of blood pressure, obesity and physical activity with arterial stiffness in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2022Pooled it
- Precision approaches to paediatric hypertension: linking pathophysiology to therapy.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Inconsistent associations between central and peripheral arterial stiffness indices in relation to age.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Longitudinal associations between body fat mass and cardiovascular outcomes among Chinese children: mediation by cardiometabolic risk factors.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal co-development of mental and cardio-metabolic health from childhood to young adulthood.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Tackling the epidemic of obesity and hypertension in children and young people.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a machine learning-based predictive model for carotid plaque in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional associations between physical activity and sedentary time with cardiovascular health in children from the ALSPAC study using compositional data analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The relationship between visceral adiposity index and estimated pulse wave velocity: insights from NHANES database.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is an Indicator of Arterial Stiffness and Aortic Blood Pressure in Healthy Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Wall Properties of Elastic and Muscular Arteries in Children and Adolescents at Increased Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the relations between reproduction-related pituitary and ovarian hormones and abdominal fat area-related variables determined with computed tomography in overweight or obese women who have undergone bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- BMI-based obesity classification misses children and adolescents with raised cardiometabolic risk due to increased adiposity.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Cumulative muscle mass and blood pressure but not fat mass drives arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness progression in the young population and is unrelated to vascular organ damage.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Cumulative insulin resistance and hyperglycemia with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT progression in 1,779 adolescents: a 9-yr longitudinal cohort study.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Machine learning models for predicting the risk factor of carotid plaque in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Impact of puberty, sex determinants and chronic inflammation on cardiovascular risk in young people.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Changes in Nutritional State and Cardiovascular Parameters in Alimentary Obese Children after a Month-Long Stay in Children's Treatment Center.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- [Value of three-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging in evaluating left ventricular systolic function and its correlation with peripheral arterial elasticity in children with simple obesity: a prospective study].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe link between adiposity, metabolic abnormalities, and arterial disease progression in children and adolescents remains poorly defined. We aimed to assess whether persistent high adiposity levels are associated with increased arterial stiffness in adolescence and any mediation effects by common metabolic risk factors.
methodsWe included participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) who had detailed adiposity measurements between the ages 9-17 years and arterial stiffness (carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity [PWV]) measured at age 17 years. Body-mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio were calculated from weight, height, and waist circumference measurements whereas fat mass was assessed using repeated dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans. We used total and trunk fat mass indices (FMIs) to classify participants as normal (<75th percentile) or high (>75th percentile) FMI. We classified participants as being metabolically unhealthy if they had three or more of the following risk factors: high levels of systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, or glucose (all >75th percentile) or low levels of high-density lipoprotein (<25th percentile). We used multivariable linear regression analysis to assess the relationship between PWV and exposure to adiposity, and tested for linear trend of PVW levels across ordinal groups. We used latent class growth mixture modelling analysis to assess the effect of longitudinal changes in adiposity indices through adolescence on arterial stiffness.
findingsWe studied 3423 participants (1866 [54·5%] female and 1557 [45·5%] male). Total fat mass was positively associated with PWV at age 17 years (0·004 m/s per kg, 95% CI 0·001-0·006; p=0·0081). Persistently high total FMI and trunk FMI between ages 9 and 17 years were related to greater PWV (0·15 m/s per kg/m
interpretationPersistently high fat mass during adolescence was associated with greater arterial stiffness and was further aggravated by an unfavourable metabolic profile. Reverting to normal FMI in adolescence was associated with normal PWV, suggesting adolescence as an important period for interventions to tackle obesity in the young to maximise long-term vascular health.
fundingUK Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, British Heart Foundation, and AFA Insurances.
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