Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31126265›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2019

"It's a hard thing to manage when you're homeless": the impact of the social environment on smoking cessation for smokers experiencing homelessness.

Rebekah Pratt, Claire Pernat, Linda Kerandi, Azul Kmiecik, Cathy Strobel-Ayres, Anne Joseph, Susan A Everson Rose, Xianghua Luo, Ned Cooney, Janet Thomas and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01932996 (Enhancing Smoking Cessation in the Homeless Population), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01932996 phase4completednot on this map

Enhancing Smoking Cessation in the Homeless Population

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2015 to 2018Enrolled352ConditionsCigarette Smoking, Tobacco Smoking, Smoking, TobaccoArmsnicotine patch plus nicotine gum/lozenge, Intensive Alcohol Intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Interventions to reduce tobacco use in people experiencing homelessness.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Combined Smoking Cessation and Alcohol Abstinence Treatment for People Experiencing Homelessness: A Randomized Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
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  19. Guest Support for Outdoor Smoke-Free Policies within a Homeless Shelter.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rebekah PrattProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA. rjpratt@umn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3561-8276
Claire PernatProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Linda KerandiProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Azul KmiecikProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Cathy Strobel-AyresProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Anne JosephDepartment of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 401 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Susan A Everson RoseDepartment of Medicine & Program in Health Disparities Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Xianghua LuoDivision of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 303, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Ned CooneyDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street #901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Janet ThomasProgram in Health Disparities Research, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
Kola OkuyemiDepartment of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, 375 Chipeta, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA.
University of Minnesota · USUniversity of Utah · USYale University · US

Funding

Improving Varenicline Adherence and Outcome in Homeless SmokersR01HL081522 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI OKUYEMI, KOLAWOLE S · 2007 to 2018
$6.4M
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute R01HL08152NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL081522
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUp to 80% of the adult homeless population use tobacco, and smoking cessation programs could offer an important opportunity to address preventable mortality and morbidity for this population. This population faces serious challenges to smoking cessation, including the impact of the social environment.

methodsForty participants (11 female; 29 male) from an ongoing smoking cessation randomized clinical trial conducted at 2 urban homeless shelters in the Upper Midwest were invited to take part in semi-structured interviews in 2016-2017. An interviewer used a semi-structured interview guide asking participants to describe their experience of how the social environment impacted their attempt to quit smoking.

resultsParticipants described feeling pressure to smoke and drink in and around shelters, and that this pressure had led some to start smoking or resume smoking, along with making it very challenging to quit. Participants described being motivated to quit, and seeing smoking cessation as positively impacting the time and focus they felt they had for finding housing. However many felt more interested in reducing their smoking, rather than quitting.

conclusionsAddressing smoking cessation for people experiencing homelessness is both an important public health opportunity, and a challenge. There is a need to consider cessation in the context of the social and environmental factors impacting smokers who are experiencing homelessness. In particular, there is a need to address the collective value placed on smoking in social interactions. Despite these challenges, there are high levels of motivation and interest in addressing smoking.

trial registrationNCT01932996 . Date of registration 30th August 2013. Prospectively registered.

Indexed as

Social EnvironmentAdultAgedFemaleHumansIll-Housed PersonsMaleMiddle AgedMotivationSmokersSmokingSmoking CessationStress, PsychologicalUrban PopulationHomelessnessParticipant experienceQualitativeRandomized control trialSmoking cessationSocial environment

Identifiers

PMID31126265
PMCPMC6534899
OpenAlexW2946979034

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.