ReviewJournal of leukocyte biology2019
When the balance is broken: X-linked gene dosage from two X chromosomes and female-biased autoimmunity.
Review in Journal of leukocyte biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation: from gene discovery to regulatory mechanisms.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Sex related differences in acute and recurrent pericarditis: A narrative review.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Female mice with a Xist deletion in B cells can develop lupus-associated phenotypes.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Factors Influencing HIV Infection.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Sex differences in immune modulation: implications for infection, inflammation, and nutritional supplementation.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Insights into the pathogenesis of childhood-onset SLE in the past decade.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Investigating Dysregulated X Chromosome Inactivation in Human B Cells and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by RNA FISH.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Revealing the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis and research progress in drug discovery from hepatic immune cells and intercellular communication signaling mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The sex-biased chromatin modifier SMC1A promotes autoimmunity by shaping inflammatory pathways in patients with SLE.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of sex differences in acute and long COVID sequelae in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Xq24/HemaSphere · 2025Article
- Autoantibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnostic and Pathogenic Insights.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals Unlocks New Avenues in the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Herpes Zoster Reactivation Following COVID-19 and the Risk of Renal, Infectious, and Autoimmune Complications: A Global Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- The Inactive X Chromosome: A Genetic Driver of Female-Biased Rheumatic Autoimmune Disorders?European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- More X's, more problems: how contributions from the X chromosomes enhance female predisposition for autoimmunity.Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- Synergistic Effects of Extra X Chromosome on Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren Disease in Klinefelter and Triple X Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Neuroimmune System Activation by Adolescent Binge Alcohol Exposure on Adult Neurobiology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Thyroid Dysfunction Prevalence and Risk Factors in the Southeastern Part of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Women and men exhibit differences in innate and adaptive immunity, and women are more susceptible to numerous autoimmune disorders. Two or more X chromosomes increases the risk for some autoimmune diseases, and increased expression of some X-linked immune genes is frequently observed in female lymphocytes from autoimmune patients. Evidence from mouse models of autoimmunity also supports the idea that increased expression of X-linked genes is a feature of female-biased autoimmunity. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the correlation between abnormal X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), an essential mechanism female somatic cells use to equalize X-linked gene dosage between the sexes, and autoimmunity in lymphocytes. In this review, we highlight research describing overexpression of X-linked immunity-related genes and female-biased autoimmunity in both humans and mouse models, and make connections with our recent work elucidating lymphocyte-specific mechanisms of XCI maintenance that become altered in lupus patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.