ArticleScientific reports2019
Comparison of diffusion, cytotoxicity and tissue inflammatory reactions of four commercial bleaching products against human dental pulp stem cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of ozone effect on tooth bleaching.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and Tooth Sensitivity of Low- Versus High-Concentration Hydrogen Peroxide for In-Office Bleaching: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Trial
- Tooth Sensitivity Following Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching With and Without Ozone: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Tooth Sensitivity Following HPain research & management · 2024Trial
- Periodontal Indices and Cytokines of Ex-Smokers/Non-Smokers After Bleaching.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Phthalimidoperoxycaproic Acid (PAP) Versus Peroxides and Impact on Dental Enamel After Whitening Treatment: An In Vitro Study.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Evaluation of cytotoxicity and bleaching efficacy of gels with calcium polyphosphate and violet LED.Brazilian dental journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Regulatory issues related to the use of sodium hypochlorite solutions in endodontics.International endodontic journal · 2025Review
- Biological action of bleaching agents on tooth structure: A review.Histology and histopathology · 2024Review
- At-home bleaching with carbamide peroxide with concentrations below 10%: bleaching efficacy and permeability in the pulp chamber.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Injectable CNPs/DMP1-loaded self-assembly hydrogel regulating inflammation of dental pulp stem cells for dentin regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2024Article
- Article
- Hydrogen Peroxide Diffusion through Dental Tissues-In Vitro Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Evaluating the Cytotoxic Effect of Melatonin and Oxyresveratrol on Dental Pulp Stem Cells.The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Effects of the application of sodium ascorbate after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide, color change, and microtensile bond strength.Brazilian dental journal · 2023Article
- Tooth Bleaching of Discolorations Caused by Hydraulic Cements in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A 3-Year In Vitro Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Characterization and effectiveness of a violet LED light for in-office whitening.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Article
- TRPA1 triggers hyperalgesia and inflammation after tooth bleaching.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Cytotoxicity and dentin composition alterations promoted by different chemomechanical caries removal agents: A preliminaryJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple side effects related to bleaching were found to occur in the dental pulp tissue, including decreased cell metabolism and viability. In this work we evaluated the in vitro diffusion capacity, cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of four commercial bleaching products on stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs). Two commercial bleaching gels hydrogen peroxide-based (HP), Norblanc Office 37.5% (Nor-HP) and Opalescence Boost 40% (Opal-HP) were applied for 30 min to enamel/dentine discs. Another two gels from the same manufacturers, 16% carbamide peroxide-based (CP), Norblanc Home (Nor-CP) and Opalescence CP 16% (Opal-CP), were applied for 90 min. The diffusion of HP was analysed by fluorometry. Cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT assays, the determination of apoptosis, immunofluorescence assays and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Tissue inflammatory reactions were evaluated histopathologically in rats. Statistical differences were performed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test (α < 0.05). Normon products showed lower cytotoxicity and diffusion capacity than the Ultradent products. A high intracellular ROS level was measured in hDPSCs after exposure to Opal-HP. Finally, a severe necrosis of both coronal and radicular pulp was observed with Opal-HP. Similar concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide in a variety of bleaching products exhibited different responses in cells and dental pulp tissue, suggesting that bleaching products contain unknown agents that could influence their toxicity.
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Registered trials
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