ArticleDiabetes care2019
Utility of Plasma Concentration of Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Predicting Cardiovascular and Renal Complications in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine N-oxide is associated with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The heart and gut relationship: a systematic review of the evaluation of the microbiome and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in heart failure.Heart failure reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The Specific Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Diabetic Kidney Diseases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Kidney Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- At the Intersection of Gut Microbiome and Stroke: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Gut microbiota-associated metabolite trimethylamine N-Oxide and the risk of stroke: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Nutrition journal · 2020Pooled it
- Trimethylamine N-oxide and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events: results of umbrella review and meta-analysis.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide and NT-proBNP in Heart Failure: A Critical Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Value.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Diabetes and its complications: molecular mechanisms, prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-liver-kidney axis in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights into amino acid metabolism and nutritional intervention strategies targeting natural bioactive compounds.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Associations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors with childhood obesity: a case-control study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Associations of Plasma Trimethylamine N -Oxide-Related Metabolites with the Development and Progression of Albuminuria : The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Potential Biomarkers of Immune Regulation in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Multi-trajectories of BMI, waist circumference, gut microbiota, and incident dyslipidemia: a 27-year prospective study.mSystems · 2025Article
- TMAO and diabetes: from the gut feeling to the heart of the problem.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Review
- From Gut to Brain: Unraveling the Intricate Link Between Microbiome and Stroke.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine improved diabetic kidney disease through targeting gut microbiota.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Review
- Microbiome-Derived Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) as a Multifaceted Biomarker in Cardiovascular Disease: Challenges and Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Gut Microbe-Generated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2024Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTrimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is suggested as an independent gut microbiota-derived risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease. We investigated associations between plasma TMAO concentrations and cardio-renal outcomes in a prospective study of individuals with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPlasma TMAO was measured at baseline in 1,159 individuals with type 1 diabetes (58% male, mean ± SD age 46 ± 13 years). End points were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and renal events tracked from national registries. Associations between TMAO and end points were tested using Cox regression models.
resultsAfter 15.0 (6.7-19.3) (median [interquartile range]) years of follow-up, we recorded all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (
conclusionsIn individuals with type 1 diabetes, higher concentrations of plasma TMAO were associated with mortality, CVD events, and poor renal outcome, independent of conventional risk factors. However, the association became insignificant after further adjustment for baseline eGFR. This could reflect TMAO as a renal function marker or a risk factor for micro- and macrovascular complications mediated through impaired renal function.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.