ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2019
Protein crystallization promotes type 2 immunity and is reversible by antibody treatment.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 297 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of biologics for reducing occlusive mucus plugs in patients with severe asthma: a systematic review.Respiratory research · 2026Pooled it
- Restoring the Airway Barrier: How Targeting Eosinophilic Inflammation Shapes Epithelial Health and Clinical Remission in Asthma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of mepolizumab on mucus plugs and clinical outcomes in severe eosinophilic asthma with and without coexisting bronchiectasis: a prospective pilot study.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Galectin-10 and Charcot-Leyden Crystals in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Pathogenetic Insights and Clinical Implications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Humanizing acidic mammalian chitinase variants establish lung immune conditioning and control environmentally driven inflammation and fibrosis.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Eosinophil Extracellular Traps in Health and Disease: From Host Defense to Chronic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Scotty: lattice coincidences in the Protein Data Bank.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Beyond Eosinophil Depletion: IL-5 as a Context-Dependent Regulator of Airway Immune Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mucus Plugging as a Treatable Trait Across the Asthma-COPD Spectrum: The Role of Type 2 Cytokine Blockade and Quantitative Imaging.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Role and Safety of Aluminum Adjuvants in Childhood Vaccines.Pediatrics · 2026Review
- Mucus Plugs and Eosinophilic Inflammation: Expanding the Paradigm to COPD.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Airway epithelial heterogeneity and mucus plugging in asthmatic bronchioles.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Crystalline Insights into Nasal Mucosa Inflammation and Remodeling: Unveiling Role of Galectin-10.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The Major Role of Type 2 Inflammation in Asthma: From the Perspective of Immunological Mechanism.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Plastic bronchitis: a narrative review of the classification methods and pathogenesis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- The emerging roles of eosinophils in immune regulation in health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Distinct Effects of Biological Treatments on Eosinophils and Neutrophils in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyp Patients.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Article
- Dupilumab Initiation for Surgically Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Is Associated With Differential Expression of CLC and Activation of Eicosanoid Pathways.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Demixing of four simultaneously co-expressed phase-separating proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen.Bioscience reports · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although spontaneous protein crystallization is a rare event in vivo, Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs) consisting of galectin-10 (Gal10) protein are frequently observed in eosinophilic diseases, such as asthma. We found that CLCs derived from patients showed crystal packing and Gal10 structure identical to those of Gal10 crystals grown in vitro. When administered to the airways, crystalline Gal10 stimulated innate and adaptive immunity and acted as a type 2 adjuvant. By contrast, a soluble Gal10 mutein was inert. Antibodies directed against key epitopes of the CLC crystallization interface dissolved preexisting CLCs in patient-derived mucus within hours and reversed crystal-driven inflammation, goblet-cell metaplasia, immunoglobulin E (IgE) synthesis, and bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in a humanized mouse model of asthma. Thus, protein crystals may promote hallmark features of asthma and are targetable by crystal-dissolving antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.