ArticlePloS one2019
Phenotypes of macrophages present in the intestine are impacted by stage of disease in cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Multistage pathogenesis and disease associations ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Jejunal mucosal immune response in goats ten months afterThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Influence of Paratuberculosis Vaccination on the Local Immune Response in Experimentally Infected Calves: An Immunohistochemical Analysis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- A nod to paratuberculosis: NOD1 and NOD2 expression in the pathological spectrum ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Cytokeratin expression and distribution pattern of epithelioid macrophages in animals with different pathological forms of bovine paratuberculosis: potential role in resilience to PTB.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- No Evidence of Neutrophil Response Modulation in Goats after Immunization against Paratuberculosis with a Heat-Inactivated Vaccine.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Stage of infection withFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Bovine Immunity and Vitamin DMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exploits miRNA expression to modulate lipid metabolism and macrophage polarisation pathways during infection.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Metabolomic changes in Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) challenged Holstein-Friesian cattle highlight the role of serum amino acids as indicators of immune system activation.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2022Article
- Production of granulomas inJournal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2022Article
- Prediction of Johne's disease state based on quantification of T cell markers and their interaction with macrophages in the bovine intestine.Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Exogenous Vitamin DFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Divergent Antigen-Specific Cellular Immune Responses during Asymptomatic Subclinical and Clinical States of Disease in Cows Naturally Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the host immune response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection, however, MAP is able to disrupt normal macrophage functions to avoid destruction. It is unclear whether the phenotypes of macrophages present in the target tissue play a role in the inability to clear MAP infection. The aim of this study was to identify macrophage phenotypes (host defense or resolution and repair) present within the bovine ileum of naturally infected cattle, as well as to ascertain abundance of each macrophage phenotype present during different stages of MAP infection. Immunofluorescent (IF) labeling was performed on frozen bovine mid-ileal tissue sections collected from 28 Holstein dairy cows. Comprehensive IF staining for cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-1Ra, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β, TNF-α, and uNOS, along with markers such as CD163, CD206, and TLR4, served to define the macrophage phenotypes. Overall, cows in the clinical stage of disease demonstrated significantly higher numbers of resolution and repair macrophages and lower numbers of host defense macrophages in the ileal tissue. Interestingly, subclinically affected cows with asymptomatic disease had a nearly equal ratio of host defense and resolution and repair macrophage phenotypes, whereas macrophage phenotype was skewed to a host defense macrophage in the tissues of the control noninfected cows. The preponderance of M2-like resolution and repair phenotype for macrophages in the tissues of cows with clinical disease would explain why the host fails to control and/or clear the infection, leading to a higher MAP burden. The results of the current study offer insight into the disparate macrophage phenotypes present in the bovine ileum during different stages of infection.
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