ReviewInternational urology and nephrology2019
A comprehensive review on apolipoproteins as nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors in end-stage renal disease: current evidence and perspectives.
Review in International urology and nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between lipoprotein(a) levels, cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review of prospective studies.Journal of nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Ten Hot Topics in Cardiovascular Risk Management for Chronic Kidney Disease.Cardiorenal medicine · 2026Review
- Serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles and their association with intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma: an observational cross-sectional study in the Chinese population.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Observational
- The spectrum of clinical biomarkers in severe malaria and new avenues for exploration.Virulence · 2022Review
- Evaluation of cardiovascular events and progression to end-stage renal disease in patients with dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease from the North-Eastern area of Romania.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Relationship between lipoprotein (a) and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2022Article
- Apolipoproteins A and B and PCSK9: Nontraditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease and in End-Stage Renal Disease.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeNontraditional cardiovascular risk factors such as lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), the genetic polymorphisms of apolipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) increase the prevalence of atherosclerosis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) through quantitative and qualitative alterations. Given the high burden of cardiovascular fatal events in ESRD, this review aims to gather studies depicting apolipoproteins' changes in ESRD, to describe current evidence and to explore potential lipid-lowering therapies.
methodsWe searched the electronic database of PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCO, and Cochrane CENTRAL for studies evaluating apolipoproteins in ESRD. Randomized controlled trials, observational studies (including case-control, prospective, or retrospective cohort), and reviews/meta-analysis were included if reference was made to apolipoproteins and cardiovascular consequences in ESRD.
results21 studies met the inclusion criteria. We found a significant correlation between Lp(a) plasma concentrations and atherosclerosis. Lp(a) levels were independent risk factors for atherothrombosis and cardiovascular mortality. LMW apo(a) phenotype proved to be the best predictor for coronary events in ESRD. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ApoE gene affected the expression and function of the protein, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. ApoB had a significant correlation with the value of carotid intima-media thickness and vascular stiffness.
conclusionsThe picture of "lipid milieu" in ESRD has not been clearly described. Novel studies show that specific apolipoproteins suffer modifications in uremic patients, being correlated with cardiovascular events. Probably in the next years, the treatment of dyslipidemia in ESRD will not merely target LDL or total cholesterol, but specific isoforms of apolipoproteins which seem to become the central part of the problem.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.