Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31115833›Full record

ReviewCognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience2019

The hierarchically mechanistic mind: an evolutionary systems theory of the human brain, cognition, and behavior.

Paul B Badcock, Karl J Friston, Maxwell J D Ramstead, Annemie Ploeger, Jakob Hohwy

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Game of Self: Identity and Experience as Active Inference.Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc · 2026
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  2. Review
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  7. Synthesizing the temporal self: robotic models of episodic and autobiographical memory.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Feasibility of a Personal Neuromorphic Emulation.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
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  15. Article
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  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Paul B BadcockCentre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. pbadcock@unimelb.edu.au.
Karl J FristonWellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
Maxwell J D RamsteadWellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
Annemie PloegerDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jakob HohwyCognition & Philosophy Lab, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 088130/Z/09/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The purpose of this review was to integrate leading paradigms in psychology and neuroscience with a theory of the embodied, situated human brain, called the Hierarchically Mechanistic Mind (HMM). The HMM describes the brain as a complex adaptive system that functions to minimize the entropy of our sensory and physical states via action-perception cycles generated by hierarchical neural dynamics. First, we review the extant literature on the hierarchical structure of the brain. Next, we derive the HMM from a broader evolutionary systems theory that explains neural structure and function in terms of dynamic interactions across four nested levels of biological causation (i.e., adaptation, phylogeny, ontogeny, and mechanism). We then describe how the HMM aligns with a global brain theory in neuroscience called the free-energy principle, leveraging this theory to mathematically formulate neural dynamics across hierarchical spatiotemporal scales. We conclude by exploring the implications of the HMM for psychological inquiry.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionSystems TheoryBrainCognitionHumansModels, NeurologicalPsychological TheoryActive inferenceAdaptive priorDevelopmental psychologyEvolutionary psychologyEvolutionary Systems TheoryFree-Energy PrincipleHierarchically Mechanistic Mind

Identifiers

PMID31115833
PMCPMC6861365

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.