ArticleArthritis care & research2020
Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence and Time to Onset of Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The California Lupus Surveillance Project.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Apolipoprotein L1 risk genotypes and odds of lupus nephritis-associated kidney failure in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for multiple autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Management and outcomes in children with lupus nephritis in the developing countries.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical Correlates of Hospital Admission in Adult SLE Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.American journal of medicine open · 2026Article
- Racial differences in cardiovascular events and adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant individuals with SLE.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Genomic Landscape of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis Globally and the Gaps in Africa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Effect of Everyday Discrimination on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity and Mental Health Outcomes.The Journal of rheumatology · 2026Article
- Do ethnoracial differences exist among antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients with no other systemic autoimmune diseases: results from the APS ACTION registry.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Prospective association between leukocyte telomere length and mortality: findings from the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) Study.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Article
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: Auditing standard of care in Qatar.Qatar medical journal · 2026Article
- Effect of race and sex on lupus diagnosis in primary care: A randomized factorial survey study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Where, How, and How Much? A Multicenter Cohort Study of the Relationship Across Lupus Decision-Aid Modality, Place of Administration, Interruption and Viewing Completeness, and Patient-Reported Outcomes.Arthritis care & research · 2025Observational
- Antiphospholipid antibodies and subclinical interstitial lung disease in the MESA cohort.Respiratory research · 2025Observational
- Observational
- Screening for Social Determinants of Health in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Point-of-Care Feasibility Study.Arthritis care & research · 2025Observational
- Long-term renal outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus in a Taiwanese population: a single-center retrospective study.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Single-centre comparison of non-familial, familial and monogenic lupus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Lupus nephritis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe California Lupus Surveillance Project (CLSP) is a population-based registry of individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) residing in San Francisco County, California from 2007 to 2009, with a special focus on Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic patients. We used retrospective CLSP data to analyze racial and ethnic differences in lupus manifestations and in the timing and risk of developing severe manifestations.
methodsA total of 724 patients with SLE were retrospectively identified. Prevalence ratios (PRs) of SLE manifestations were calculated using Poisson regression models stratified by race/ethnicity and adjusted for sex, age at SLE diagnosis, and disease duration. We studied onset of severe SLE manifestations after SLE diagnosis using Kaplan-Meier methods to examine time-to-event and Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). White patients were the referent group in all analyses.
resultsAfrican Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanic patients had increased prevalence of renal manifestations (PR 1.74 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.40-2.16], PR 1.68 [95% CI 1.38-2.05], and PR 1.35 [95% CI 1.05-1.74], respectively). Furthermore, African Americans had increased prevalence of neurologic manifestations (PR 1.49 [95% CI 1.12-1.98]), and both African Americans (PR 1.09 [95% CI 1.04-1.15]) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (PR 1.07 [95% CI 1.01-1.13]) had increased prevalence of hematologic manifestations. African Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanic patients, respectively, had higher risk of developing lupus nephritis (HR 2.4 [95% CI 1.6-3.8], HR 4.3 [95% CI 2.9-6.4], and HR 2.3 [95% CI 1.4-3.8]) and thrombocytopenia (HR 2.3 [95% CI 1.1-4.4], HR 2.3 [95% CI 1.3-4.2], and HR 2.2 [95% CI 1.1-4.7]). Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic patients had higher risk of developing antiphospholipid syndrome (HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.4-4.4] and HR 2.6 [95% CI 1.3-5.1], respectively).
conclusionThis is the first epidemiologic study comparing lupus manifestations among 4 major racial and ethnic groups. We found substantial differences in the prevalence of several clinical SLE manifestations among racial/ethnic groups and discovered that African Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanic patients are at increased risk of developing several severe manifestations following a diagnosis of SLE.
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