ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2019
Lynx Prototoxins: Roles of Endogenous Mammalian Neurotoxin-Like Proteins in Modulating Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Function to Influence Complex Biological Processes.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lypd6b depletion promotes CD8Nature communications · 2025Article
- HSV1 glycoprotein D utilizes an LY6-like binding domain to inhibit alpha7 nicotinic receptors.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Water-Soluble Lynx1 Upregulates Dendritic Spine Density and Stimulates Astrocytic Network and Signaling.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Dampened α7 nAChR activity contributes to audiogenic seizures and hyperactivity in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Explorations of Agonist Selectivity for the α9* nAChR with Novel Substituted Carbamoyl/Amido/Heteroaryl Dialkylpiperazinium Salts and Their Therapeutic Implications in Pain and Inflammation.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- A novel anxiety-associated SNP identified inFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Fifty Years of Animal Toxin Research at the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multiomics and machine-learning identify novel transcriptional and mutational signatures in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- α7- and α9-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Functioning of Immune System and in Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Transcriptional vulnerabilities of striatal neurons in human and rodent models of Huntington's disease.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Modelling organophosphate intoxication in C. elegans highlights nicotinic acetylcholine receptor determinants that mitigate poisoning.PloS one · 2023Article
- Membrane-mediated interaction of non-conventional snake three-finger toxins with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.Communications biology · 2022Article
- An experimental test of the nicotinic hypothesis of COVID-19.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Are Novel Targets of APETx-like Toxins from the Sea AnemoneToxins · 2022Article
- Analysis of Protein-Protein Interactions for Intermolecular Bond Prediction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Speculation on How RIC-3 and Other Chaperones Facilitate α7 Nicotinic Receptor Folding and Assembly.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Single-cell RNA sequencing in silent corticotroph tumors confirms impaired POMC processing and provides new insights into their invasive behavior.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- Article
- Axonal α7* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate glutamatergic signaling and synaptic vesicle organization in ventral hippocampal projections.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The cholinergic system modulates many biological functions, due to the widespread distribution of cholinergic neuronal terminals, and the diffuse release of its neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. Several layers of regulation help to refine and control the scope of this excitatory neurotransmitter system. One such regulatory mechanism is imparted through endogenous toxin-like proteins, prototoxins, which largely control the function of nicotinic receptors of the cholinergic system. Prototoxins and neurotoxins share the distinct three finger toxin fold, highly effective as a receptor binding protein, and the former are expressed in the mammalian brain, immune system, epithelium, etc. Prototoxins and elapid snake neurotoxins appear to be related through gene duplication and divergence from a common ancestral gene. Protein modulators can provide a graded response of the cholinergic system, and within the brain, stabilize neural circuitry through direct interaction with nicotinic receptors. Understanding the roles of each prototoxin (e.g., lynx1, lynx2/lypd1, PSCA, SLURP1, SLURP2, Lypd6, lypd6b, lypdg6e, PATE-M, PATE-B, etc.), their binding specificity and unique expression profile, has the potential to uncover many fascinating cholinergic-dependent mechanisms in the brain. Each family member can provide a spatially restricted level of control over nAChR function based on its expression in the brain. Due to the difficulty in the pharmacological targeting of nicotinic receptors in the brain as a result of widespread expression patterns and similarities in receptor sequences, unique interfaces between prototoxin and nicotinic receptor could provide more specific targeting than nicotinic receptors alone. As such, this family is intriguing from a long-term therapeutic perspective.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.