ArticleMiddle East African journal of ophthalmology
Prevalence and Determinants of Dry Eye Disease among 40 Years and Older Population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia.
Article in Middle East African journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Association between asthma and dry eye disease: a meta-analysis based on observational studies.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictors of dry eye syndrome among the young population in Jordan: A cross-sectional survey study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Environmental Drivers of Dry Eye Disease: A Narrative Review of Pollutants, Climate, and Indoor Exposures with Practice Recommendations.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- The correlation between plasma lactoferrin and inflammatory biomarkers in type 2 diabetes with dry eye disease patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of dry eye in Brazil: Home survey reveals differences in urban and rural regions.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease in the South of Palestine.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2024Article
- Dry Eye Disease in the Middle East and Northern Africa: A Position Paper on the Current State and Unmet Needs.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Symptomatic Dry Eye Disease Among Adult Urban Residents of High-Altitude Areas of Southwest Saudi Arabia - A Survey.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence and Severity of Dry Eye Disease Symptoms Among Diabetics: A Nationwide Survey.Cureus · 2022Article
- Dry Eye Disease among Patients with Glaucoma under Topical Antiglaucoma Agents in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease and Its Association With the Frequent Usage of Eye Cosmetics Among Women.Cureus · 2022Article
- Dry Eye Disease Symptoms and Its Association with Daily Beverage Intake Among Adults in Saudi Arabia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Validation of the Arabic version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Outcomes of Combined iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass and Cataract Surgery for the Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Population.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Correlations of CO, SOSaudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease (DED) among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (except capital), Saudi Arabia. SUBJECTS AND
methodsA population-based survey was conducted in Riyadh district between 2013 and 2017. All Saudi aged >40 years attended at the Primary Health Center were the study population. McCarty Symptom Questionnaire was adopted. A representative sample was examined. The best-corrected visual acuity and anterior and posterior segment assessment were performed. DED was graded as absent, mild, moderate, and severe.
resultsWe examined 890 participants. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of DED was 45.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 44.8-45.4). One-third of the participants had DED. However, two-third of DED cases were of mild grade. The prevalence of DED among females was significantly higher. The variation of DED by age group was not statistically significant (χ
conclusionThe prevalence of DED among Saudi is high, but severe DED is found to be less. Association with female gender, glaucoma, and topical glaucoma medications was reported. Association with diabetes, hypertension, and age group variation was not significant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.