ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2019
Granulysin: killer lymphocyte safeguard against microbes.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of the menstrual cycle and ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel contraceptive vaginal ring on granulysin and other mucosal immune mediators.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Trial
- Review
- Article
- Characterization of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Palatal Tissue of Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mucosal T cell activation pathways are upregulated by equine herpesvirus type 1 infection.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Deciphering the genetic control of immune cell function at single-cell resolution: Disease-Specific Cis-eQTLs analysis of COVID-19.Immunogenetics · 2026Article
- Genetic and non-genetic factors distinctly shape the variation of the immune response in cattle.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Circulating granzyme A is elevated within the dysregulated host response and associates with mortality in abdominal sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Viral control is required for intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques.Research square · 2025Article
- GNLY+CD8+ T cells bridge premature aging and persistent inflammation in people living with HIV.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Disrupting membranes, controlling cell fate: the role of pore-forming proteins in cell death and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Progress in the Identification and Design of Novel Antimicrobial Peptides Against Pathogenic Microorganisms.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Transcriptional reprogramming primes CD8+ T cells toward exhaustion in Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Gene Expression Profiling of the Peritumoral Immune Cell Infiltrate of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Analysis of granulysin expression in vitiligo and halo-nevus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Prediction of Acute Cardiac Rejection Based on Gene Expression Profiles.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Single-cell analysis of human PBMCs in healthy and type 2 diabetes populations: dysregulated immune networks in type 2 diabetes unveiled through single-cell profiling.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Temporal patterns of gene expression in response to inoculation with a virulent Anaplasma phagocytophilum strain in sheep.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prospective epigenome and transcriptome analyses of cord and peripheral blood from preterm infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Role of the granzyme family in rheumatoid arthritis: Current Insights and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Primary T cell immunodeficiency and HIV-infected patients are plagued by non-viral infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and parasites, suggesting an important and underappreciated role for T lymphocytes in controlling microbes. Here, we review recent studies showing that killer lymphocytes use the antimicrobial cytotoxic granule pore-forming peptide granulysin, induced by microbial exposure, to permeabilize cholesterol-poor microbial membranes and deliver death-inducing granzymes into these pathogens. Granulysin and granzymes cause microptosis, programmed cell death in microbes, by inducing reactive oxygen species and destroying microbial antioxidant defenses and disrupting biosynthetic and central metabolism pathways required for their survival, including protein synthesis, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.