Trial reportPloS one2019
A randomized controlled trial of a brain-computer interface based attention training program for ADHD.
Trial report in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multimodal Digital Therapeutics Enhanced by Task Design and AI for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Core Symptoms and Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of different digital interventions on symptoms for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Feature Extraction in Electroencephalography-Based Diagnostics and Therapy in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Pooled it
- AΙ-Driven Interventions for Neurocognitive, Self-Regulation, and Adaptive Skill Development in Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Wireless Electroencephalography in Research on Children With Developmental Disabilities: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Brain-Computer Interfaces: The Dawn of a New Era in Disease Treatment.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Application of Brain-Computer Interface Technology in Vascular Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- A Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Mitigating Car Sickness via Attention Shifting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Brain-computer interface: an update for the clinicians.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Evolving Therapeutic Landscape of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Emerging Cutting-Edge Advancements in Surgical Robots, Regenerative Medicine, and Neurorehabilitation Techniques.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Exploratory study of dual-task digital device in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- A systematic review and content analysis of serious video games for children with ADHD.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Article
- Efficacy of neurofeedback training for improving attentional performance in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of Technology-Based Interventions for School-Age Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.JMIR mental health · 2023Review
- Advances in Stroke Neurorehabilitation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Social Robots and Brain-Computer Interface Video Games for Dealing with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Rapid Effects of BCI-Based Attention Training on Functional Brain Connectivity in Poststroke Patients: A Pilot Resting-State fMRI Study.Neurology international · 2023Article
- Home-based brain-computer interface attention training program for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a feasibility trial.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe use of brain-computer interface in neurofeedback therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a relatively new approach. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to determine whether an 8-week brain computer interface (BCI)-based attention training program improved inattentive symptoms in children with ADHD compared to a waitlist-control group, and the effects of a subsequent 12-week lower-intensity training. STUDY
designWe randomized 172 children aged 6-12 attending an outpatient child psychiatry clinic diagnosed with inattentive or combined subtypes of ADHD and not receiving concurrent pharmacotherapy or behavioral intervention to either the intervention or waitlist-control group. Intervention involved 3 sessions of BCI-based training for 8 weeks, followed by 3 training sessions per month over the subsequent 12 weeks. The waitlist-control group received similar 20-week intervention after a wait-time of 8 weeks.
resultsThe participants' mean age was 8.6 years (SD = 1.51), with 147 males (85.5%) and 25 females (14.5%). Modified intention to treat analyzes conducted on 163 participants with at least one follow-up rating showed that at 8 weeks, clinician-rated inattentive symptoms on the ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) was reduced by 3.5 (SD 3.97) in the intervention group compared to 1.9 (SD 4.42) in the waitlist-control group (between-group difference of 1.6; 95% CI 0.3 to 2.9 p = 0.0177). At the end of the full 20-week treatment, the mean reduction (pre-post BCI) of the pooled group was 3.2 (95% CI 2.4 to 4.1).
conclusionThe results suggest that the BCI-based attention training program can improve ADHD symptoms after a minimum of 24 sessions and maintenance training may sustain this improvement. This intervention may be an option for treating milder cases or as an adjunctive treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.