ArticleEndocrine pathology2019
Pembrolizumab-Induced Thyroiditis.
Article in Endocrine pathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell-intrinsic functions of PD-L1 activate autophagy and prevent cytokine-induced apoptosis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors associated thyroiditis: mechanisms and clinical outcomes.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- Management, biomarkers and prognosis in people developing endocrinopathies associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Clinical significance of diffuse [EJNMMI research · 2025Article
- Inflammatory and Infectious Disorders in Endocrine Pathology.Endocrine pathology · 2023Review
- The Thyroid Pathologist Meets Therapeutic Pharmacology.Endocrine pathology · 2023Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Primary Hyperparathyroidism in a Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patient: A Case Report.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- HLA inherence as a potential parameter in checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmune adverse event assessment.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Permanent hypothyroidism following immune checkpoint inhibitors induced thyroiditis may be associated with improved survival: results of an exploratory study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Observational
- Durvalumab-induced thyroiditis in a patient with non-small cell lung carcinoma: a case report and review of pathogenic mechanisms.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Article
- PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in thyroid follicular epithelial dysplasia: Hashimoto thyroiditis related atypia and potential papillary carcinoma precursor.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Immune-Related Thyroiditis as a Predictor for Survival in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Article
- Thyroid-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Spontaneous recovery of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced thyroiditis with high free T4 level: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2021Article
- Endocrine immune-related adverse events: a double-edged sword?Translational lung cancer research · 2021Article
- From biomarkers to therapeutic targets: the promise of PD-L1 in thyroid autoimmunity and cancer.Theranostics · 2021Review
- Pembrolizumab-Induced Thyroiditis Shows PD-L1Expressing Histiocytes and Infiltrating T Cells in Thyroid Tissue - A Case Report.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- First line Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Thyroiditis Is Associated with Increased Intrathyroidal T Lymphocyte Subpopulations.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2020Article
- Atezolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors act to restore T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. By this nature, these cancer immunotherapy drugs are associated with various immune-related adverse events such as thyroid dysfunction. We describe a case of thyrotoxicosis secondary to a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab. A 30-year-old female was started on pembrolizumab immunotherapy for stage III small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Thirteen days after her second cycle of therapy, she presented with symptoms consistent with thyrotoxicosis. A thyroiditis was diagnosed by thyroid function tests and ultrasonography. She was originally treated with prednisone and metoprolol for possible Grave's disease. Pertechnetate thyroid scan was more consistent with thyroiditis secondary to pembrolizumab. She underwent a total thyroidectomy 10 days after initial presentation for refractory thyrotoxicosis despite maximal medical therapy. Her symptoms resolved and thyroid function tests significantly improved. Pathology was consistent with severe thyroiditis. Immune microenvironment may play a role in the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1). Chronic inflammation surrounding tumor upregulates PD-L1 expression on tumor cells by the release of cytokines, which acts to inhibit tumor destruction. We suggest that our patient had an undetected chronic inflammation of the thyroid, specifically Hashimoto's thyroidits, which predisposed her to thyroid destruction when taking pembrolizumab. Understanding that an inflammatory environment impacts thyroid toxicity to PD-1 inhibitor therapy is novel and should be further studied.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.