ArticleCurrent developments in nutrition2019
Rats Selectively Bred for High Voluntary Physical Activity Behavior are Not Protected from the Deleterious Metabolic Effects of a Western Diet When Sedentary.
Article in Current developments in nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPhysical activity and diet are well-established modifiable factors that influence chronic disease risk. We developed a selectively bred, polygenic model for high and low voluntary running (HVR and LVR, respectively) distances. After 8 generations, large differences in running distance were noted. Despite these inherent behavioral differences in physical activity levels, it is unknown whether HVR rats would be inherently protected from diet-induced metabolic dysfunction.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether HVR rats without voluntary running wheels would be inherently protected from diet-induced metabolic dysfunction.
methodsYoung HVR, LVR, and a wild-type (WT) control group were housed with no running wheel access and fed either a normal diet (ND) or a high-sugar/fat Western diet (WD) for 8 wk. Body weight, percentage body fat (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan), blood lipids [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), nonesterified fatty acids], and hepatic TG content were measured, and indices of insulin sensitivity were determined via an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Additionally, weekly energy intake and feed efficiency were calculated.
resultsAfter 8 wk, significant differences in body weight and body fat percentage were noted in all WD animals compared with ND animals, with the LVR-WD exhibiting the greatest increase due, in part, to their enhanced feed efficiency. Lipid dysregulation was present in all WD rat lines compared with ND counterparts. Furthermore, LVR-WD rats had higher total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and TG concentrations, and higher areas under the curve (AUC) for insulin than HVR-WD and WT-WD, although HVR-WD animals had higher AUC
conclusionsIn the absence of high voluntary running behavior, the genetic predisposition for high running in HVR did not largely protect them from the deleterious effects of a WD compared with LVR, suggesting genetic factors influencing physical activity levels may, in part, be independent from genes influencing metabolism.
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