Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31109830›Full record

ArticleChinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi2019

Nonunions of the humerus - Treatment concepts and results of the last five years.

Maximilian Leiblein, Rene Verboket, Ingo Marzi, Nils Wagner, Christoph Nau

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Extraarticular distal humeral nonunion: systematic review of literature.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Case report:JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026
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  13. Clavicle Shaft Non-Unions-Do We Even Need Bone Grafts?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Maximilian LeibleinDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: maximilian.leiblein@kgu.de.
Rene VerboketDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Ingo MarziDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Nils WagnerDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Christoph NauDepartment of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeFractures of the humerus account for 5%-8% of all fractures. Nonunion is found with an incidence of up to 15%, depending on the location of the fracture. In case of a manifest nonunion the surgeon faces a challenging problem and has to conceive a therapy based on the underlying pathology. The aim of this study was to describe our treatment concepts for this entity and present our results of the last five years.

methodsTwenty-six patients were treated for nonunion of the humerus between January 2013 and December 2017. Their charts were reviewed retrospectively and demographic data, pathology, surgical treatment and outcome were assessed.

resultsThe most frequent location for a nonunion was the humeral shaft, with the most common trauma mechanism being multiple falls. Most often atrophic nonunion (n = 14), followed by hypertrophic and infection-caused nonunion (each n = 4), were found. Our treatment concept could be applied in 19 patients, of which in 90% of those who were available for follow-up consolidation could be achieved.

conclusionHumeral nonunion is a heterogeneous entity that has to be analyzed precisely and be treated correspondingly. We therefore present a treatment concept based on the underlying pathology.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBone PlatesBone TransplantationFemaleFracture FixationFracture HealingFractures, UnunitedHumansHumeral FracturesMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeDelayed unionHumeral fracturesHumerusNonunion

Identifiers

PMID31109830
PMCPMC6667773

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.