ArticleBMC medicine2019
Acute kidney injury is associated with impaired cognition and chronic kidney disease in a prospective cohort of children with severe malaria.
Article in BMC medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05746819 (An MRI Ancillary Study of a Malaria Fever Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 81 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An MRI Ancillary Study of a Malaria Fever Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and risk factors of gross neurologic deficits in children after severe malaria: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Incidence of acute kidney injury-associated mortality in hospitalized children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Albumin levels in malaria patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of their association with disease severity.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Association of acute kidney injury with the risk of cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Renal failure · 2023Pooled it
- Risk factors for acute kidney injury at presentation among children with CNS malaria: a case control study.Malaria journal · 2022Trial
- The Effect of Regularly Dosed Acetaminophen vs No Acetaminophen on Renal Function in Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria (PACKNOW): A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Identifying prognostic factors of severe metabolic acidosis and uraemia in African children with severe falciparum malaria: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial.Malaria journal · 2021Trial
- Infection-associated acute kidney injury in resource-limited settings.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Immunomodulation Therapy to Treat Severe Malaria With Multiple Organ Failure.Critical care explorations · 2026Article
- Cerebral Malaria and Severe Malarial Anemia, but not Other Forms of Severe Malaria, Are Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Paracetamol in Malaysian Patients With Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae Mixed Infections and Associated Mortality in Children with Severe Falciparum Malaria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Article
- Prevalence of acute kidney injury and its associated factors among malaria patients admitted to public hospitals in the Ilu Aba Bora and Bedelle Zones of Oromia region, Southwest Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Malarial pneumonopathy in Malawian children with cerebral malaria.Malaria journal · 2026Observational
- Assessment of Long-Term Sequelae After Severe Malaria: A Retrospective Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Research advances on acute kidney injury and brain dysfunction.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Review
- Malaria-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Key Driver of Mortality in Endemic Regions.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Review
- Discovery Pipeline for Acute Kidney Injury: Molecules, Mechanisms, Models, and Targets.Nephron · 2026Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a recognized complication of pediatric severe malaria, but its long-term consequences are unknown.
methodsUgandan children with cerebral malaria (CM, n = 260) and severe malaria anemia (SMA, n = 219) or community children (CC, n = 173) between 1.5 and 12 years of age were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria were used to retrospectively define AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cognitive testing was conducted using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning in children < 5 and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) second edition in children ≥ 5 years of age.
resultsThe prevalence of AKI was 35.1%, ranging from 25.1% in SMA to 43.5% in CM. In-hospital mortality was 11.9% in AKI compared to 4.2% in children without AKI (p = 0.001), and post-discharge mortality was 4.7% in AKI compared to 1.3% in children without AKI (p = 0.030) corresponding to an all-cause adjusted hazard ratio of 2.30 (95% CI 1.21, 4.35). AKI was a risk factor for short- and long-term neurocognitive impairment. At 1 week post-discharge, the frequency of neurocognitive impairment was 37.3% in AKI compared to 13.5% in children without AKI (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.31 [95% CI 1.32, 4.04]); at 1-year follow-up, it was 13.3% in AKI compared to 3.4% in children without AKI (aOR 2.48 [95% CI 1.01, 6.10]), and at 2-year follow-up, it was 13.0% in AKI compared to 3.4% in children without AKI (aOR 3.03 [95% CI 1.22, 7.58]). AKI was a risk factor for CKD at 1-year follow-up: 7.6% of children with severe malaria-associated AKI had CKD at follow-up compared to 2.8% of children without AKI (p = 0.038) corresponding to an OR of 2.81 (95% CI 1.02, 7.73). The presenting etiology of AKI was consistent with prerenal azotemia, and lactate dehydrogenase as a marker of intravascular hemolysis was an independent risk factor for AKI in CM and SMA (p < 0.0001). In CM, AKI was associated with the presence and severity of retinopathy (p < 0.05) and increased cerebrospinal fluid albumin suggestive of blood-brain barrier disruption.
conclusionsAKI is a risk factor for long-term neurocognitive impairment and CKD in pediatric severe malaria.
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Registered trials
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